CEDAR Postdoc: Momentum Fluxes and Height Variability of Mesospheric Gravity Waves Obtained by Airglow Imagers
Award Effective Date: 01/15/2005; Program: AERONOMY

1. Michael J Taylor($120,330), Utah State University, Logan
Key terms: Intensity And Temperature, Momentum Flux Carried, Gravity Wave, Gravity Waves, Intensity Perturbations, Quantitative Investigations, Temperature Perturbations, All-sky, CF, Capability, Climate, Effects, Has, Investigate, MTM, Measure, Mesospheric, Region, Seasonal, Structure, Tomographic.

CEDAR: Mesoscale Structuring of High Latitude Plasma Patches - Continued
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

1. Natalia Gondarenko($255,000), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Gradient Drift, Polar Cap, Strong Shear, Heating, Instabilities, Instability, Irregularities, Mesoscale, Patch, Patches, Plasma, Simulations, Task.

CEDAR: Terrestrial Airglow Studies Using Astronomical Sky Spectra
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

1. David L Huestis($260,891), SRI International, Menlo Park
Key terms: Upper Mesosphere, Aeronomy, Airglow, Density, Observatory, Ratio, Task, Telescopes.

CEDAR: Mesospheric and Lower Thermospheric Ducting of Gravity Waves Generated by Tropospheric Convection
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

1. Victor Pasko($206,316), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: Gravity Wave Phenomena, Gravity Waves, Task Characterizes, Airglow, Ducted, Model, Nonlinear.

CEDAR: Climatology and Characteristics of Instabilities and Atmospheric Gravity Waves at Low and Mid Latitudes
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

1. Richard J Rudy($240,000), Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo
Key terms: Gravity Wave Periods, Alice Springs, Gravity Waves, Maui Malt, Adelaide, Australia, Capable, Examine, Fast, Features, Imager, Imagers, Layers, Near, OH, Possibility, Sites, Source, Tropospheric.

CEDAR: Polar Mesospheric Cloud Research Using the Sondrestrom, Greenland Lidar
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

1. Weilin Pan($269,844), SRI International, Menlo Park
Key terms: Shape And Size, Aspherical Nature, Aspherical Particle, Depolarization Ratios, Mesospheric Sodium, Pmc Depolarization, Pmc Particle, Pmc Particles, Sodium Chemistry, Sodium Density, Sodium Layer, Sondrestrom Lidar, Visible Wavelengths, Affect, Backscatter, Cloud, Database, Enhance, Has, Ice, Indicated, Interaction, Model, Nm, Nonzero, Observations, Pmcs, Presence, Scattering, Seasonal, Species, Summers.

CEDAR Postdoc: Observational and Modeling Study of Mesospheric Bores
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

1. Michael P Hickey($160,000), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach
Key terms: Mesospheric Bores, Multiple Instruments, Thermal Inversion, Airglow, Analysis, Combining, Dynamics, Effects, Investigation, Layer, Layers, Modeling, Observations, Sharp, Structures, Theories, Vertical, Waves, Wind.

CEDAR: Storm Time Behavior of Electric Fields in the Plasmasphere
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Roderick A Heelis($242,667), University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson
Key terms: Magnetic Activity, Ion, Latitude, Magnetosphere.

Comparative Studies of the Interaction and Ionospheric Processes at a Variety of Different "Non-Magnetic" Solar System Bodies
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Andrew F Nagy($403,356), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Bodies, Conditions, Ionospheric, Plasma.

Basic Ionization, Airglow and Auroral Processes
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Alexander Dalgarno($420,000), Harvard University, Cambridge
Key terms: Physically Realistic, Simulations.

SGER: A Study of Coupling between the Ionosphere and Troposphere via Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
Award Effective Date: 09/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Rebecca L Bishop($46,000), Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo
Key terms: F-region, Instabilities, Ionospheric, Mesoscale, Storms.

Micrometeors and Their Interaction with the Atmosphere: A Comprehensive Study Using the Arecibo and Jicamarca Observatories
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Diego Janches($104,688), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Dust, Evolution, Formation, Meteor.

Collaborative Research: Space Weather: Wavelet Based Regional Multi-Resolution Ionosphere Modeling: Investigating Structure of the Equatorial Anomaly
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Dieter Bilitza($106,372), Raytheon Technical Services Company, Arlington
2. None($482,571), Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE, Columbus
Key terms: Assimilation, Description, Electron, Ionosphere, Ionospheric, Model, Networks, Regional, Wavelet.

Collaborative Research: Radar and Optical Observations of Dynamics in the Tropical Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Gerald A Lehmacher($175,462), Clemson University, Clemson
2. Erhan Kudeki($152,784), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
Key terms: Turbulent Layer, Jicamarca, Mechanisms, Peru, Radar, Resolution.

High-Resolution F-Region Electrodynamics Studies Using the Arecibo Observatory All-Sky Camera Systems and Incoherent Scatter Radar
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. John D Mathews($475,000), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: Arecibo, Instrument, Irregularities, Mechanisms, Triggering.

A Modeling Investigation of Ducted Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere/Lower Thermosphere (MLT) Region: Energetics, Airglow Response, and Relation to "Wall" Events
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Michael P Hickey($370,025), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach
Key terms: Gravity Waves, Airglow, Model, Propagation, Time.

SGER: Development of a Space Weather Policy Curriculum
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Genene Fisher($50,193), American Meteorological Society, Boston
Key terms: Space Weather, Class, Establish, Policy, Taught.

Numerical Modeling of Tidal Wave Coupling between Atmospheric Regions
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Jeffrey M Forbes($585,527), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Mesosphere-thermosphere Region, Effect, Inter-annual, Mesosphere-thermosphere, Model, Tidal.

Application of Time-Localized Spectral Analyses (S-Transform) to Multi-Emission, All-Sky Image Data of Mesospheric Gravity Waves
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Robert G Stockwell($212,529), NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated, Seattle
Key terms: Algorithm, All-sky, Horizontal, Vertical, Wave.

M-I Coupling: Ground-based Observations of Ion Dispersion, Electron Energy, and Convection in the Dayside Aurora
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. William A Bristow($303,271), University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus, Fairbanks
Key terms: Electron Energy Deposition, Ion And Electron, Dayside Aurora, Dayside Magnetopause, Solar Wind, Auroral, Carry, Convection, Deduce, Disturbances, Earth, Emission, Extent, Ionosphere, Ionospheric, Local, Longyearbyen, Magnetic, Magnetospheric, Map, Measure, Merging, Norway, Observations, Observed, Power, Processes, Spectral, Svalbard, Transfer, Unique, Zenith.

Characterizing Middle Atmosphere Thermal Structure, Polar Mesospheric Clouds and Gravity Waves at Rothera, Antarctica (67.5 S)
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Chester S Gardner($201,887), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
Key terms: Antarctic, Balloon, Climatology, Investigate, Lidar, Mesosphere.

Dual-Beam Incoherent Scatter Radar Study of the Mesosphere at Arecibo
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Qihou Zhou($210,448), Miami University, Oxford
Key terms: Momentum Flux, Complex, D-region, Direction, Dual-beam, Gravity, Horizontal, Propagation, Region, Technique, Transport.

CEDAR: Aeronomy of Meteor Trails: Observations, Simulations, and Theory
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Meers Oppenheim($258,919), Trustees of Boston University, Boston
Key terms: Aperture Radars, Ablation, Composition, Echoes, Meteor, Parameters, Plasma.

Collaborative Research: CEDAR: Sprite Energetics
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Hans C Nielsen($186,314), University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus, Fairbanks
Key terms: Energy Deposition, Ionized Nitrogen, Spectral Photometers, Time Resolution, Altitude, Amount, Cloud, Development, Emissions, Function, Ground, Imager, Imaging, Luminosity, Mesosphere, Millisecond, Models, Observations, Plan, Propagation, Resulting, Spectrograph, Sprite, Sprites, TV.

Ground-Based Investigation of Upflowing Ions in the Discrete Aurora
Award Effective Date: 01/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Joshua Semeter($65,803), SRI International, Menlo Park
2. Joshua Semeter($417,113), Trustees of Boston University, Boston
Key terms: Continuity And Energy, Energy Balance, Analytical, Auroral, EISCAT, Ion, Ionospheric, Model, Morphology, Observations, Optical, Radar.

CEDAR: Exploration of Trends in Thermospheric+Exospheric Hydrogen Using H-Alpha Emission Intensities and Hydrogen Column Abundances Retrieved from the Wisconsin Long Term Record
Award Effective Date: 01/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Fred L Roesler($271,528), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
Key terms: Thermospheric And Exospheric, Upper Atmospheric Hydrogen, Hydrogen Column, Hydrogen Containing, Hydrogenous Species, Solar Cycle, Water Vapor, Atmosphere, Climate, Code, Continue, Emission, Emissions, Fabry-perot, Geocoronal, Global, H-alpha, Influence, Long-term, Methane, Middle, Molecules, Natural, Observations, Output, Past, Primary, Radiative, WHAM, Wisconsin-based.

Plasma Instabilities and Turbulent Heating in Lower Ionosphere: Theory and Simulations
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

1. Meers Oppenheim($286,873), Trustees of Boston University, Boston
Key terms: Cooling, E-region, Electron, Numerical, Turbulence.

Solvated Salts and Acids: Contributions to Basic Understanding of Nucleation, Particle Growth and Aerosol Chemistry
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: ANALYTICAL SEPARATIONS & MEAS.

1. A. W Castleman($622,594), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: Ion-induced Nucleation, Acids, Activities, Basic, Current, Ion-induced, Processes.

High-Resolution Studies of High Arctic Paleoclimate from Varved Lake Sediments
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: ARCSS-Arctic System Science

1. Raymond S Bradley($425,147), University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst
Key terms: Ellesmere Island, Summer Temperature, Arctic, Climate, Conditions, Episodes, Past, Region, Sediments, Solar, Time.

High-Resolution Quantitative Reconstructions of Holocene Climatic Changes and Their Impacts on Environment and People in the Central Canadian Arctic
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: ARCSS-Arctic System Science

1. David F Porinchu($397,002), Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE, Columbus
2. David F Porinchu($397,002), California State University-Long Beach Foundation, Long Beach
Key terms: Arctic Climate, Victoria Island, Assess, BP, Decline, Examine, HTM, Holocene, Human, Influence, Population, Solar, Summer, Temperature, Warming, Was.

Balloon-Borne In Situ Measurements of Aerosol Size and Concentration in the Mid Latitudes and Tropics
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Terry L Deshler($799,159), University of Wyoming, Laramie
Key terms: Aerosol Levels, Aerosol Surface, Stratospheric Aerosol, Add, Aerosols, Background, Collaboration, Concentration, Eruption, Estimates, Exploratory, Laramie, Natal, Ozone, Particle, Particles, Periods, Profiles, Radiation, Size, Sulfur, Tropical, Volcanic.

American Association for Aerosol Research Particulate Matter (AAAR PM) Supersites Program and Related Studies Conference; Atlanta, Georgia; February 7-11, 2005
Award Effective Date: 11/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Elizabeth McDannell($35,000), American Association for Aerosol Research, Mount Laurel
Key terms: Particulate Matter, Air, Conference, Effects, Health, Methods, PM, Papers.

RUI: Spectroscopic Studies on the Heterogeneous Chemistry of Model Mineral Aerosol Compounds
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Ryan Z Hinrichs($282,104), Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville
Key terms: Chemistry, Female, Mechanisms, Reaction, Selected, Students.

Computational Simulation of the Atmospheric Chemistry of Alkanes
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Robert J Griffin($268,104), University of New Hampshire, Durham
Key terms: Atmospheric Chemical, Chamber Studies, Numerical Modeling, Aerosol, Developed, Generated, Laboratory, Mechanism, Mechanistic, Predictions, Processes, Product, SOA, Simulations, Species.

Laboratory Studies of the Impact of Physicochemical Processing on the Optical Properties of Mineral Dust Aerosol
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Mark A Young($488,188), University of Iowa, Iowa City
Key terms: Mineral Dust, Atmosphere, Atmospheric, Particles, Student, Various.

Sulfate Production by Ozone Oxidation in Seasalt Aerosols: Contribution to Global Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) Sulfur Budgets
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Herman Sievering($338,546), University of Colorado at Denver-Downtown Campus, Denver
Key terms: Phase Oxidation, Sulfur Dioxide, Aerosol, Alkalinity, Processes, Size.

Direct Measurements of Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Dimethylsulfide (DMS), and Acetone Fluxes Over the Ocean by Eddy Covariance
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Scott D Miller($526,717), University of California-Irvine, Irvine
Key terms: Gas Exchange, Atmospheric, Coefficients, Concentrations, Gases, Species.

Workshop on Atmospheric Importance of Biogenic Hydrocarbons in Early Spring 2005
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Jose D Fuentes($35,000), University of Virginia Main Campus, Charlottesville
Key terms: Biogenic Hydrocarbons, Workshop.

Atmospheric Carbon Tetracloride Removal by Soils: Seasonal Flux Variability and Identification of Uptake Mechanisms
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Kelly D Goodwin($412,757), University of Miami, Coral Gables
Key terms: Carbon Tetrachloride, Atmospheric, Budget, Characterizing, Global, Highly, Involves, Laboratory, Sink, Soil, Uptake.

Influence of Global Sources on Free Tropospheric Ozone and Aerosols in the Western United States
Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Daniel A Jaffe($609,233), University of Washington, Seattle
Key terms: Ozone And Fine, Air Masses, Fine Particles, Range Transport, Altitude, Atmospheric, Based, Budgets, Contributions, Establish, Nitrogen, Observatory, Site, Species, Tropospheric, Useful.

Complete Isotopic Analysis of Aerosol Sulfate and Nitrate in Long-Term Samplings from the Tropical Atlantic
Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Mark H Thiemens($415,945), University of California-San Diego, La Jolla
Key terms: Aerosol, Anthropogenic, Atmospheric, Isotope, Nitrate, Nitrogen, Occurring, Pathways, Sulfate, Sulfur.

Interfacial Chemistry of Alkali Halides
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Heather C Allen($567,336), Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE, Columbus
Key terms: Gas Phase, Composition, Halide, Information, Processes, Spectroscopy, Surfaces.

Development of a Method for Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide Using Airborne Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Donald C Thornton($141,351), Drexel University, Philadelphia
Key terms: Gas Phase Hydrogen, Phase Hydrogen Peroxide, Atmospheric Composition, Atmosphere, Available, Climate, Detection, Levels, Odd-hydrogen, Species, Technique.

Photochemistry of Oxygenated Organics
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Paul O Wennberg($559,673), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
Key terms: Oxygenated And Nitrogen-containing, Ozone And Aerosol, Photolysis Quantum Yields, Spectral Region, Acid, Atmospheric, Enhanced, HOONO, Laboratory, Molecular, Organic, Radical, Solar, Species.

RUI: Kinetics and Dynamics of Small Peroxy Radicals
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Scott L Nickolaisen($205,196), California State L A University Auxiliary Services Inc., Los Angeles
Key terms: Monoxide, Peroxy, Radicals, Reactions, Undergraduate.

Publication of Journal Papers from the April 2003 American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) Specialty Conference
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Cliff I Davidson($38,220), Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh
Key terms: Special Issues, Atmospheric, Conference, International, Journals, PM.

Rates, Products and Hygroscopicity of Hydroxyl Radical (OH)-Initiated Oxidation Reactions of Organic Aerosols and Films
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Geoffrey D Smith($408,316), University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc, Athens
Key terms: Oxidized Surfaces, Aerosol, Aerosols, Chemical, Condensed, Designed, Incorporated, Kinetics, OH, Organic, Processes, Reactions.

RUI: Solid/Liquid Phase Diagrams of Aqueous Inorganic and Organic Substances of Upper Tropospheric Importance
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Keith D Beyer($248,977), University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse
Key terms: Undergraduate Students, Aerosol, Aqueous, Laboratory, Phase, Temperature, Thermodynamic, Troposphere.

Instrumentation for Semi-Continuous Fine Particulate Mass and Its Components
Award Effective Date: 06/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. William F Christensen($409,823), Brigham Young University, Provo
Key terms: Atmospheric Particulate Matter, Based, Compounds, Instrument, Instruments, Marker, Organic, Quantification, Resolution, Species, Specific.

CAREER: Toward an Understanding of the Indirect Climatic Effect of Organic Aerosol: Quantitative Assessments Using Experimental Characterization and Model Integration
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Athanasios Nenes($647,633), Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta
Key terms: Numerical Modeling, Aerosol, Atmospheric, CCN, Experimental, Incorporated, Indirect, Students.

RUI: Temporal Variability of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Carbon (CDOM) in Rainwater: Photochemical Effects and Influence on Trace Metal Speciation
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Robert F Whitehead($499,189), University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington
Key terms: Dissolved Organic Matter, CDOM, Determining, Fate, Generation, Nature, Rainwater.

Collaborative Research: Influences of Halogen Chemistry on Processing of North American Pollutant Outflow
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Roland E von Glasow($334,952), University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography, La Jolla
2. Jochen P Stutz($217,728), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
3. William C Keene($288,238), University of Virginia Main Campus, Charlottesville
4. Alexander A. P Pszenny($453,606), University of New Hampshire, Durham
Key terms: Boundary Layer, Halogen Chemistry, Intercontinental Transport, Atmosphere, Chemical, Contribute, Detailed, Field, Ozone, Plume, Processes, Summer, Transformation.

Third General Assembly of Stratospheric Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC); Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; August 1-6, 2004
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. William J Randel($30,000), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Global Climate, Current, SPARC.

Bromine (Br) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Heterogeneous Chemistry on Ice and Organic Acids at Tropospheric Temperatures
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Liang T Chu($438,285), Health Research Incorporated/New York State Department of Health, Menands
Key terms: Boundary Layer Ozone, Dicarboxylic Acids, Halogen Chemistry, Heterogeneous Reactions, Ozone Loss, Sulfur Dioxide, Ice, Involve, Laboratory.

RUI: Overall Rate Constant and Nitrate Branching Ratio Measurements for the Reactions of Alkene-Derived Peroxy Radicals with Nitric Oxide
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Matthew J Elrod($187,442), Oberlin College, Oberlin
Key terms: Organic Peroxyl Radicals, Nitric Oxide, Organic Nitrates, Peroxy Radicals, Radicals Derived, Alkenes, Chemical, Complex, Containing, Formation, Hydroperoxyl, Hydroxyl, Reaction, Reactions, Undergraduate, Yields.

Collaborative Research: Photochemical Production of Radical Oxidants and Hydroperoxides from Organic Matter and Nitrate in Sea-Salt Aerosols
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Xianliang Zhou($348,084), Health Research Incorporated/New York State Department of Health, Menands
2. William C Keene($382,306), University of Virginia Main Campus, Charlottesville
3. David J Kieber($388,057), SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse
Key terms: Aerosols, Compounds, Found, Importance, Marine, Oxidized, Quantify, Sunlight.

2004 Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere; Il Ciocco, Barga, Italy; May 2-7, 2004
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Nancy R Gray($26,530), Gordon Research Conferences, East Greenwich
Key terms: Conference, Gordon, Plant.

Kinetic Studies of Isoprene Derived Peroxy Radicals
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Theodore S Dibble($339,153), SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse
Key terms: Peroxy Radicals, Rate Coefficients, Atmosphere, Atmospheric, Chemical, Chemistry, Degradation, Environmental, Extremely, Forestry, Global, Isoprene, Mechanisms, Mississippi, Quantum, Species, Specific, Spectroscopy, Various.

CAREER: Nocturnal Chemistry in the Urban Boundary Layer: Investigation of Heterogeneous Surface Chemistry and Chemical-Transport Processes
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Jochen P Stutz($622,968), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Air Quality, Chemical Reactions, Chemistry, Graduate, Mixing, Nighttime, Nocturnal, Processes, Student, Urban.

SGER: Snow Chemical Composition and Its Relation to Arctic Springtime Mercury Deposition and Ozone Depletion
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Thomas A Douglas($90,908), University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus, Fairbanks
Key terms: Mercury Deposition, Ozone Depletion, Active, Alaska, Arctic, BAMS, Barrow, Bromide, Bromine, Budget, Chemical, Chemistry, Details, Has, Northern, Period, Quantities, Region, Sampling, Snow, Source, Springtime, Sunrise, Villages, Wainwright.

SGER: Biomass Burning Aerosols in Southeast Asia: Smoke Impact Assessment (BASE-ASIA)
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Lackson Marufu($150,000), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Rapidly Developing Region, Air Quality, Aircraft Package, Biomass Burning, Southeast Asia, Airborne, Chemical, Composition, Emissions, Geographical, Involves, Observations, Phase, Pilot, Pollutants, Quantities, Radiation, Regional, Remote, Weather.

SGER: Numerical Study of Biomass Burning Aerosols in Southeast Asia: Smoke Impact Assessment (BASE-ASIA)
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Wen-yih Sun($69,999), Purdue University, West Lafayette
Key terms: Rapidly Developing Region, Air Quality, Aircraft Package, Biomass Burning, Southeast Asia, Airborne, BASE-ASIA, Chemical, Climate, Clouds, Collection, Composition, Emissions, Evolution, Geographical, Involves, Models, Numerical, Observations, Phase, Pilot, Pollutants, Radiation, Regional, Remote, Weather.

CAREER: Forecasting Chemical Weather with a Coupled Meteorology-Chemistry Model System: Research and Education Challenges
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Yang Zhang($693,104), North Carolina State University, Raleigh
Key terms: Air Quality, Atmosphere, Development, Education, Existing, Model, Outreach, PM, Version, Weather.

Laboratory Studies of Tropospheric Sulfur Chemistry
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. John M Nicovich($784,148), Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta
Key terms: Global Climate, Cycling, Sulfur, Techniques, Theoretical.

Dynamics of Pressure-Dependent Atmospheric Reactions
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. John R Barker($500,000), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Association Reactions, Alternative, CM, Developed, Mechanism, Rate, Species.

Seasonal Trends of Springtime Ozone, Reactive Nitrogen, Carbon Monoxide, and Hydrocarbons Over North America and the Effects of Anthropogenic Emissions
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Yuhang Wang($357,930), Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta
Key terms: Northern Latitudes, Seasonal Cycle, Tropospheric Ozone, Analyses, Chemistry, Controlling, Modeling, Natural, Students, TOPSE.

Chemistry of Sulfur Dioxide and Dimethyl Sulfide in the Tropical Marine Boundary Layer
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Donald C Thornton($248,594), Drexel University, Philadelphia
Key terms: Marine Boundary Layer, Tropical Marine Boundary, Atmospheric Sulfur, APIMS, Budget, Chemical, Cycling, DMS, DMSO, Dimethyl, Instruments, Pathways.

Laboratory Studies on the Aqueous Phase Reactivity of Molecular Markers
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Jeffrey L Collett($149,969), Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Key terms: Organic Compounds, Aerosols, Ambient, Atmospheric, Laboratory, Tracers, Transport.

SGER: Reactive Halogen Detection in the Marine Boundary Layer Using Atmospheric Pressure Ionization/Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (API/CIMS)
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

1. Eric S Saltzman($130,296), University of California-Irvine, Irvine
Key terms: Marine Boundary Layer, Atmospheric, Chemical, Compounds, Cruise, Exchange, Gases, Halogen, Involves, Ocean, Region.

BE/CBC: Land-Water Interaction at the Catchment Scale: Linking Biogeochemistry and Hydrology
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: BE: COUPLED BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYC

1. Marc Stieglitz($1,009,967), Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta
Key terms: Arctic, Catchment, Connectivity, Cycling, Models, Processes, Soil, Spatial, Water.

A Collaborative Effort Toward Adding an Interactive Dynamical Vegetation Component to the NCAR Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Land Model
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: BE: NON-ANNOUNCEMENT RESEARCH

1. John E Kutzbach($195,002), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
Key terms: CCSM, Climate, Coupled, Current, Processes, Simulation, Simulations, Vegetation.

SGER: Modeling River Nitrogen Export to Coastal Zones in the Community Climate System Model (CCSM)
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: BE: NON-ANNOUNCEMENT RESEARCH

1. Cynthia D Nevison($25,000), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Trace Gas, CCSM, CLM, Coastal, Cycle, DAYCENT, Daily, Export, Fluxes, Model, Modeled, Nitrogen, River, Soil, Transport.

Workshop on Isotopes in the Climate System: Boulder, CO
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: BE: NON-ANNOUNCEMENT RESEARCH

1. Natalie M Mahowald($25,000), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: CCSM, Climate, Complex, Isotopes, Model, Phase, Processes, Workshop.

A Network Approach to Study Atmospheric Teleconnections
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Kyle L Swanson($327,078), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee
Key terms: Analysis, Atmospheric, Observational, Parameters, Relation, Teleconnections, Temporal.

Anticipating Extreme Hurricane Winds in the United States Using Bayesian Hierarchical Models
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. James B Elsner($465,041), Florida State University, Tallahassee
Key terms: Analysis And Prediction, Extreme Value Theory, Bayesian Simulation, Coastal Hurricane, Extreme Hurricane, Hurricane Activity, Hurricane Wind, Wind Speed, Accessible, Annual, Climate, Examine, Generate, Geological, Model, Modeling, Models, Oscillation, Probabilities, Risk, Technology, Tools, Winds.

Collaborative Research: The Dynamical Influence of the Stratosphere on the Troposphere
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Lorenzo M Polvani($493,096), Columbia University, New York
2. Darryn W Waugh($273,697), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore
Key terms: Dynamical, Simulations, Stratosphere.

Collaborative Research: Tropical Marine Climate Feedback to Mid- and High-Latitude Climate Change
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Ping Chang($69,892), Texas A&M Research Foundation, College Station
2. John Chiang($307,012), University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley
Key terms: Intertropical Convergence Zone, Global Climate, Extratropical, Marine, Mechanisms, Model, Ocean, Potential, Tropical, Tropics.

Weather and Climate Superensemble Forecasts from Multimodels
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. T. N Krishnamurti($696,514), Florida State University, Tallahassee
Key terms: Numerical Weather Prediction, Synthetic Superensemble, Approach, Forecasts, Individual, Models.

SGER: Regional Climate Modeling Coordination for the United States
Award Effective Date: 12/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. William J Gutowski($137,127), Iowa State University, Ames
Key terms: Regional Climate Modeling, Regional Climate Models, Boundary Conditions, Climate Simulations, Atmospheric, Baseline, CCSP, Establish, ISU, Information, Multiple, NARCCAP, National, North, PIRCS, Program, Rcms, Reanalysis, Undergraduate.

SGER: A New Shortwave Radiation Parameterization for the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Sea Ice Model
Award Effective Date: 12/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Bonnie Light($31,881), University of Washington, Seattle
Key terms: Snow And Sea, Sea Ice, Shortwave Radiation, CCSM, Climate, Component, Improvements, Increase, Model, Parameterization, Potential, Treatment.

Observations and Modeling of Southeast Pacific Boundary Layer Clouds
Award Effective Date: 12/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Robert Wood($343,994), University of Washington, Seattle
Key terms: Air Masses, Atmosphere Model, Boundary Layer, Aerosol-poor, Atmospheric, Climate, Cloud, National, Ocean, Pacific, Parameterizations, Predictability.

The Role of Tropical Asian Landcover Disturbance in Altering Large-scale Circulations: Interaction with El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Asian Summer Monsoon
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Thomas N Chase($266,208), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Circulation Model Simulations, Tropical Land Cover, Broader Impacts, El Nino, Summer Monsoon, Changing, ENSO, Effects, Global, Pis.

A General Circulation Model (GCM) Investigation of the Direct Radiative Forcing of Spherical and Nonspherical Aerosols
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Kuo-Nan Liou($270,688), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Climate Modeling, Climate Models, Global Climate, Aerosol, Aerosol-climate, Aerosols, Atmospheric, China, Coupled, Interactions, Properties, Scattering.

New Methods in Storm Track Dynamics Theory
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Brian F Farrell($468,786), Harvard University, Cambridge
Key terms: Jet Stream, Storm Tracks, Analyzing, Cyclones, Displacement, Methods, Weather.

Empirical and Diagnostic Analysis of the Influence of the Madden Julian Oscillation on the Precipitation of Central and North America
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Mathew Barlow($86,684), Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc, Lexington
Key terms: Central And North, Madden Julian Oscillation, Julian Oscillation, Analysis, Assessment, Based, Precipitation, Predictability.

Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling Studies
Award Effective Date: 11/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Mark P Baldwin($713,289), NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated, Seattle
Key terms: Weather And Climate, Circulation Anomalies, Earth's Surface, Stratospheric Effects, Communicated, Mechanisms, Stratosphere.

Influence of Potential Vorticity Distributions on Rossby Wave Propagation in the Troposphere and Stratosphere
Award Effective Date: 11/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Richard K Scott($349,758), NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated, Seattle
Key terms: Potential Vorticity, Attention, Discontinuous, Distributions, Examined, Models, Wave.

Synoptic-Dynamic Studies of Atmospheric Predictability
Award Effective Date: 11/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Daniel Keyser($537,905), SUNY at Albany, Albany
Key terms: High-impact Weather, Ensemble, Evolution, Forecast, Forecasts, High-impact, Interactions, Large-scale, Operational.

Collaborative Research: Global Aspects of Tropical Cyclogenesis
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Kerry A Emanuel($186,591), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
2. David S Nolan($230,132), University of Miami, Coral Gables
Key terms: Tropical Cyclone Genesis, Climate, Global, Pis.

SGER: Evaluation of the Simulated Global Water Cycles in the NCAR, GFDL and GISS Climate System Models
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Aiguo Dai($25,000), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Water Cycle, Water Exchange, Climate, Earth, Energy, Fluxes, Future, Global, Model, Models, Oceanic, Oscillation, Terrestrial, Transports.

SGER: Model Simulation of the Southern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation, Antarctic Sea Ice, and Their Interaction: An Evaluation
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Marilyn N Raphael($25,000), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Antarctic Sea-ice, Southern Hemisphere, Circulation, Interactions, Large-scale, Model, Models, Sea-ice, UCLA.

Dynamics of Low-Frequency Modes of the Atmospheric Circulation
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Fei-Fei Jin($563,329), Florida State University, Tallahassee
Key terms: Low Frequency Modes, North Atlantic Oscillation, Anomalies, Dynamical, Feedback, Flow, Interaction, Low-frequency, Models, Sets, Synoptic.

Statistical Atmospheric Predictability at Varying Time Scales
Award Effective Date: 09/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Youmin Tang($286,419), New York University, New York
Key terms: Boundary Conditions, Ensemble, Initial, Predictability, Prediction, Skill.

Collaborative Research: Radiative Effects of Desert Dust Deposits in Alpine Snow
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Christopher C Landry($173,652), Center for Snow and Avalanche Studies, Silverton
2. Thomas H Painter($428,149), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: San Juan Mountains, Silverton Public School, Absorbing Dust, Circulation Models, Dust Deposition, Snow Albedo, Alpine, Capacity, Experiences, Inclusion, Local, Meteorological, Parameterizations, Programs, RET, REU, Region, SNTHERM, Sources, Teachers, Temporal.

SGER: Subantarctic Mode Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water: How Well Are They Represented in Climate Models?
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Igor V Kamenkovich($24,091), University of Washington, Seattle
Key terms: Pacific And Atlantic, Samw And Aaiw, Climate Models, Intermediate Water, Southern Ocean, Analysis, Circulation, Fluxes, Focus, Future, Global, Observational, Properties, Simulation, Uncertainty.

SGER: Performance-based Probabilistic Multi-Model Climate Change Scenarios
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Lisa Goddard($25,000), Columbia University, New York
Key terms: 21st Century Climate, 20th Century, 21st Century, Model Performance, Probability Distributions, Temporal Characteristics, Aogcms, Applied, Context, Credible, IPCC, Means, Multi-model, Observations, Observed, Opportunity, Predictions, Probabilistic, Regional, Scenarios, Seasonal, Skill.

SGER: Multivariate Climate Change Detection
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Michael F Wehner($24,720), Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley
Key terms: Climate Model, Analysis, CCSM, Channel, Daily, Environmental, Fields, Information, MSU, Models, Output, Surface, Temperature.

SGER: Teleconnection Structure and Evolution in the Coupled Model Simulations
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Sumant Nigam($35,000), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Coupled Simulations, Global Warming, Analysis, Atmospheric, Circulation, Climate, Diagnostic, Differences, Dynamical, Environmental, Evolution, Hpa, Information, Inter-model, Interactions, Interannual, Model, Oscillation, Significance, Specially, Structure, Surface, Teleconnections, Troposphere, Winds, Winters.

SGER: Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Influence on Surface Wind Stress in Climate Models
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Dudley B Chelton($25,316), Oregon State University, Corvallis
Key terms: Sst And Wind, Surface Wind Stress, Surface Wind, Climate, Components, Coupling, Fields, Interactions, Ocean-atmosphere, Representations.

SGER: Sensitivity of the West African Monsoon to Gulf of Guinea Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs)
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Kerry H Cook($24,725), Cornell Univ - State: AWDS MADE PRIOR MAY 2010, Ithaca
Key terms: Ability, Africa, Budget, Coast, Dipole, Drought, Examined, Guinea, Gulf, Lead, Mode, Models, Precipitation, Rainfall, Sahel, Sinking, Time, Vorticity, Warm.

Angular Momentum Variability, Atmospheric Dynamics and the Relationship with Earth Motions
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. David A Salstein($459,780), Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc, Lexington
Key terms: Atmospheric Angular Momentum, Climate, Dynamics, Examined, Independent, Via.

Dynamical Effects of Solar Ultraviolet Variations in the Lower Stratosphere
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Lon L Hood($226,192), University of Arizona, Tucson
Key terms: Dynamical Effects, Solar Ultraviolet, Upper Stratospheric, Wave Forcing, Climate, Decadal, Direct, Extratropical, Identification, Investigated, Lower, Occurrence, Ozone, Sudden, Tropical, Warmings.

Climate Variability and Predictability over the Greater Horn of Africa
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Fredrick Semazzi($677,786), North Carolina State University, Raleigh
Key terms: Africa Region, Climate Model, Lake Victoria, Regional Climate, Horn, Information, International, Investigate, Students.

Tropospheric Long-Range Transport Climate and Implications for Global Air Quality
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Timothy M Hall($378,652), Columbia University, New York
Key terms: Boundary Propagator, Long-range Transport, Concentrations, Long-range, Pollutants.

SGER: Simple Indices of Climate Variability and Change
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. David J Karoly($24,888), University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Norman
Key terms: Surface Temperature, Century, Climate, Compared, Indices, Land, Magnitude, Model, Models, Period, Simulations, Timescales.

Collaborative Research: Analysis of Historic Spectral Plates for Atmospheric Composition Data
Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Pierre F Fogal($321,211), University of Denver, Denver
2. Kelly Chance($75,781), Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge
Key terms: Atmospheric Composition, Characterizing, Climate, Denver, Period.

Dynamics of the Shallow Meridional Circulation in the Tropical Eastern Pacific
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. David S Nolan($376,360), University of Miami, Coral Gables
Key terms: Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Inter-tropical Convergence Zone, Shallow Return Flow, Inter-tropical Convergence, Numerical Modeling, Altitudes, Circulation, Deep, Meridional, Observations, View.

United States High-Vertical Resolution Radiosonde Data Analysis for Gravity Waves and Tropopause Processes and Dissemination to the Science Community
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Marvin A Geller($812,341), SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook
Key terms: Gravity Wave, Gravity Waves, Radiosonde.

Infrared Radiative Forcing by Aerosols during the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX)
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Francisco P Valero($229,000), University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography, La Jolla
Key terms: Microwave Radiometer, Algorithm, C-, Climate, Developed, Distributed, Set.

Understanding the Seasonal Cycle of Rainfall over Northern Africa
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Kerry H Cook($558,066), Cornell Univ - State: AWDS MADE PRIOR MAY 2010, Ithaca
Key terms: Northern Africa, Interannual, Rainfall, Regional.

Cloud Parameterization Frameworks
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. David A Randall($1,318,277), Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Key terms: Cloud Model, Cloud Types, Convective Downdrafts, Deep Convection, Entrainment Rate, Internal Structure, Multiple Moments, Pbl Parameterization, Stratiform Clouds, Thermodynamic Variables, Vertical Velocity, Water Vapor, Air, Altered, Arakawa-schubert, Climate, Compute, Depth, Field, Framework, Function, Humid, Level, Mesoscale, PDF, Parameterizations, Perturbation, Pis, Predict, Pressure, Realistic, Regions, Representation, Resolved, Simulations, Single, Spatial, Statistics.

Collaborative Research: Seasonal and Geographical Impact of Land-Use on Climate Change
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Ming Cai($126,271), Florida State University, Tallahassee
2. Eugenia Kalnay($24,499), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Climate, Land, Urbanization.

SGER: Construction of 'Deep' Paleoclimate Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Simulations
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Matthew Huber($31,374), Purdue University, West Lafayette
Key terms: Graduate Student, Boundary, CCSM, CCSM-, Climate, Document, Paleoclimate, Paleoclimates, Web.

SGER: Observing the Interdependence of Precipitation and Precipitable Water Vapor during the North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME)
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Emil Kursinski($44,326), University of Arizona, Tucson
Key terms: Convective Storm, Diurnal Cycle, Inverted Troughs, Name Region, Weather Features, Gulf, Maximum, Mesoscale, Middle, Modulated, Moisture, Moving, North, Northward, PWV, Precipitation, SMO, Summer, Surges, Tropical, Water.

Mechanisms of Climate Variability and Change
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Dennis L Hartmann($1,346,962), University of Washington, Seattle
Key terms: Climate Models, Convective Heating, Tropopause Temperature, Zonal Wind, CAM, Compared, Context, Driving, Equatorial, Interaction, Investigated, Modeling, Observations, Stratospheric, Supported, Troposphere, Tropospheric.

CAREER: Carbonaceous Particles of Tarry Origin
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Tami C Bond($531,397), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
Key terms: Solid Fuels, Atmospheric, Chemical, Combustion, Emissions, International, Issues, Laboratory, Model, Particles, Sources, Students, Tool, Various.

Understanding Arctic Surface Climate Simulation Errors
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Richard Grotjahn($401,901), University of California-Davis, Davis
Key terms: Arctic Surface, Low Level, Surface Climate, Benefit, Distribution, Errors, Expected, Issues, Model, Observed, Pressure, Processes.

Regional Model Studies of African Wave Disturbances and Sahel Climate Variability, Part II
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Matthew B Fulakeza($372,000), Columbia University, New York
Key terms: African, Characteristics, Climate, Differences, Downscaling, Features, NYCRI, Outreach, Pis, RM, Rainy, Seasonal, Students, Summer, Teachers, West, York.

Dynamics of the East Pacific Intertropical Convergence Zone
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. David J Raymond($673,542), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro
Key terms: East Pacific, Field Experiment, Characteristics, Convection, EPIC, Gathered, ITCZ.

Interactions of Land-Surface Processes and the East Asian Monsoon
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Yongkang Xue($489,942), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Heat, Land, Model, Ratio.

Improved Weather Prediction by Adaptive Data Assimilation
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Rod G Frehlich($185,954), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Numerical Weather Prediction, Error Statistics, Initial Conditions, Observation Error, Assimilation, Improvements, Model, Observational, Techniques, Turbulence.

Stratospheric Aerosol Data Assimilation for Climate Studies
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Georgiy L Stenchikov($299,000), Rutgers University New Brunswick, New Brunswick
Key terms: Radiative Forcing, Stratospheric Aerosol, Volcanic Eruptions, Aerosols, Calculated, Center, Climate, Effect, Fvdas, Mechanisms, NASA, Observations, Observed, Period, Produce, Set.

The Asian-Australian Monsoon Variability and Predictability Studied Using Physical Decomposition
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Kwang-Y Kim($304,666), Florida State University, Tallahassee
Key terms: Lead, Monsoon.

Determination of the Effects of Non-Modality on the Data Assimilation and Numerical Weather Prediction Problems
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Ronald Errico($299,783), University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore
Key terms: Analysis, Assimilation, Error, Errors, Forecast, Growth, Has, Non-modal, Observational, Potential, Weather.

Modeling the Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Yochanan Kushnir($487,082), Columbia University, New York
Key terms: Tropical Pacific, Climate, Decadal, Expected.

Dynamics of Teleconnection Patterns
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Steven Feldstein($402,289), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: North Atlantic Oscillation, Wave Breaking, Climate, Dynamical, Teleconnection.

Cyclone Structure Characterization and Evolution Forecasting Using Cluster Analysis and Statistical-Dynamical Modeling
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Francesca Chiaromonte($476,781), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: Cyclone Phase Space, Phase Space Diagnostic, Cyclone Structure, Based, Developed, Evolution, Models.

SGER: A Stochastic Single Column Modeling Framework for Diagnosing Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Tropical Variability
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. John W Bergman($26,231), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Computationally Inexpensive Numerical, Error Statistics, Ability, CAM, Centuries, Climate, Expensive, Forecasts, Model, Models, Observations, Th, Tool, Tropical.

Collaborative Research: Westerly Wind Bursts: El Nino Southern Oscillation's (ENSO) Driver or Slave?
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Lisan Yu($59,209), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole
2. Mark A Cane($187,765), Columbia University, New York
3. Eli Tziperman($258,752), Harvard University, Cambridge
Key terms: Coupled Model, Enso Dynamics, Sst Field, Sst Structure, Stochastic Forcing, Characteristics, External, Hierarchy, Models, Possibility, Prediction, Regulated, Regulation, Timing, WWB.

2004 Quadrennial Ozone Symposium of the International Ozone Commission, International Association for Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics; Island of Kos, Greece; June 1-8, 2004
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Robert D Hudson($24,970), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Graduate Students, Attend, International, Letter, Ozone, Symposium, Travel.

Coupling the Land Surface to Radiative and Hydrological Processes in a Climate Model
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Robert E Dickinson($854,026), Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta
Key terms: Climate Modeling, Land Surface, Aerosols, Clouds, Current, Pis, Precipitation, Processes, Sensitivity.

Studies in Empirical Climate Prediction and Understanding
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. None($219,171), Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Key terms: Atlantic, ENSO, Forecasts, Hurricane, Insurance, Models, Prediction, Public, Seasonal, Tropical.

The NASA-CRCES-IPRS Workshop on Decadal Climate Variability; Kona, Hawaii; February 23-26, 2004
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Vikram M Mehta($15,000), The Center for Research on the Changing Earth System, Catonsville
Key terms: Organizing Committee, Administration, Applicants, Atmospheric, Authors, Expenses, Hawaii, NASA, NOAA, National, Paper, Papers, Receive, Review, Travel, Workshop.

Variability of the Climate System: Understanding Observed Low Frequency Variability of SST in the North Atlantic
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Benjamin P Kirtman($479,494), George Mason University, Fairfax
Key terms: Global Climate Modeling, North Atlantic, Surface Fluxes, Weather Noise, Coupled, Forced, National, Observed.

Influence of the Tibetan High Outflow on the Southern Hemisphere Column Ozone Distribution
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Matthew H Hitchman($309,864), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
Key terms: Southern Hemisphere, Has, Longitudinal, Maximum, Ozone, Transport.

Atmospheric Trace Constituents and Global Climate
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Wei-Chyung Wang($421,478), SUNY at Albany, Albany
Key terms: Direct And Indirect, Future Climate, Indirect Effects, Atmospheric, Based, Chemistry, GCCM, Interactions, Model, Processes, Stratospheric.

The Impacts of Tropical Deforestation on Regional and Global Hydroclimate
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. David Werth($208,186), Duke University, Durham
Key terms: Climate Models, Ocean-land-atmosphere Model, Tropical Regions, Continent, Deforestation, Found, GCM, Global, Has, OLAM, Observed, Ocean-land-atmosphere, Past, Precipitation, Preliminary, Rainfall, Simulations, Teleconnections.

Strategic Guidance for NSF's Support of Research in the Atmospheric Sciences
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Amanda Staudt($519,000), National Academy of Sciences, Washington
Key terms: Achieve, Assessment, Atmospheric, Balance, Committee, Educational, Effective, Mechanisms, NSF, NSF-ATM.

SGER: Evaluation of Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Constituent Transport Variability
Award Effective Date: 01/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Bruno Sanso($24,998), University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz
Key terms: Climate Models, Off-line Chemical, Ability, Analyses, Atmospheric, Benefit, CCSM, Constituent, Gases, Off-line, Simulated, Statistical, Tools, Transport, Transports.

Further Studies of Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled Dynamics in the Tropical Pacific
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Fei-Fei Jin($216,587), Florida State University, Tallahassee
Key terms: Climate Phenomena, Coupled Ocean-atmosphere, Decadal Mode, Enso Mode, Nonlinear Interactions, Tropical Pacific, Complex, Effects, Examined, Fast, Forcing, Intermediate, Linearized, Model, Models, Modes, Multi-level, Observed, Ocean-atmosphere, Processes, Stochastic.

Stationary Wave Changes and Teleconnection Dynamics in the Warmed Climate Scenarios as Represented in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase II (CMIP II) Models
Award Effective Date: 09/05/2003; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

1. Mingfang Ting($357,345), Columbia University, New York
Key terms: Stationary Wave, Teleconnection Dynamics, Atmospheric, Climate, Greenhouse, Models.

American Meteorological Society (AMS) Journals to Developing Countries
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Community Programs

1. Ronald McPherson($25,000), American Meteorological Society, Boston
Key terms: Administration, Countries, Has, National, Weather.

American Meteorological Society/National Science Foundation (AMS/NSF) Graduate Fellowships
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: Community Programs

1. Ronald McPherson($204,000), American Meteorological Society, Boston
Key terms: Graduate.

Tropospheric Reactions of Sea Salt Particles: The Role of Surface Water
Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: ELECTROCHEMISTRY & SURFACE CHE

1. Barbara J Finlayson-Pitts($650,001), University of California-Irvine, Irvine
Key terms: Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, Atmospheric Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry, Numerical Models, Sea Salt, Surface Chemistry, Activities, Aerosols, Incorporated, Processes, Students.

Atmospheric Particulate Organic Nitrates by Photoelectron Resonance Capture Ionization-Mass Spectrometry
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2005; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Giuseppe Petrucci($375,659), University of Vermont & State Agricultural College, Burlington
Key terms: Resonance Electron Capture, Ambient, Analytical, Atmospheric, Chemistry, Compounds, Directorate, Division, Formation, Health, Nitrated, Npahs, Organic, Organics, PERCI-MS, Soft-ionization, Technique.

CAREER: Biogenic Hydrocarbons from Grasslands - Flux Measurements and Education Outreach
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Bradly M Baker($254,217), University Enterprises, Incorporated, Sacramento
Key terms: Vocs.

Simulation of Tropospheric Chemistry over the United States, with Particular Focus on the Free Troposphere and the Role of Lightning Reactive Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Noor V Gillani($567,192), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville
Key terms: Air Quality, Boundary Layer, Free Troposphere, Free Tropospheric, Graduate Student, Post-doctoral Fellows, Senior Scientists, Tropospheric Chemistry, CMAQ, Exchange, Involves, Model, Post-doctoral, Processes, Sponsored.

Coronal Energetics and Loop Dynamics
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Joan T Schmelz($488,276), University of Memphis, Memphis
Key terms: 5th Graders, Coronal Loops, Magnetic Field, Available, Density, EUV, Energy, Has, Heating, Instruments, Mechanisms, Plasma, Program, Spectroscopy, Starlight, Students, Temperature.

Development of Historical and Future Land Cover and Land Use Change Datasets for the Community Climate System Model
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Johannes J Feddema($169,096), University of Kansas Center for Research Inc, Lawrence
Key terms: Human Impacts, Human Induced, Land Cover, Activities, Climate, Comparison, Dataset, Datasets, IPCC, Model, Multiple, Scenarios, Spatial, Standardized, Time.

Correcting the Zurich and International Sunspot Counts from 1849 to Present
Award Effective Date: 06/15/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Bradley E Schaefer($75,804), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
Key terms: Future Solar Activity, International Sunspot Counts, Zurich And International, Global Warming, Standard Observers, Time Scales, Based, Centuries, Decades, Effects, Error, Errors, Factor, Greenhouse, Importance, K-coefficients.

Tropical Marine Aerosols in the Trade Winds: Towards a Better Understanding of the Role of Organic Aerosols in Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN)
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Olga L Mayol Bracero($251,927), University of Puerto Rico, San Juan
Key terms: Puerto Rico, Advance, Aerosols, Anthropogenic, Antigua-barbuda, CCN, Clouds, Collected, Component, Components, Condensation, Droplet, Droplets, Effects, Experiment, Fraction, Influence, Organic, Particles, Particular, Potential, Rain, Size, Students, Tropical.

Implementing Ice Cloud Microphysics and Radiation Schemes into the Community Atmospheric Model (CAM)
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. David L Mitchell($110,272), Nevada System of Higher Education, Desert Research Institute, Reno
Key terms: Ice Particle Fall, Particle Fall Speeds, Current Knowledge, Non-convective Cirrus, Anvil, Based, CAM, CCSM, Climate, Cloud, Clouds, GCM, Improvement, Model, Non-convective, Parameterizations, Performance, Potential, Radiation, SD, Scheme, Temperature.

The Role of the Continental Wetland Systems in Regional Climate: A Coupled Ecological and Climate Modeling Approach
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. William J Capehart($75,000), South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City
Key terms: Climate, Model, National, Plains, Range, Regional, Simulations, Wetlands.

Adsorption and Photochemical Transformations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at the Air-Water Interface (Fog and Ice) in the Atmosphere
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Kalliat T Valsaraj($611,200), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
Key terms: Department, Fog, Frozen, Louisiana, PAH, Pahs, Undergraduate.

Studies of Convection Initiation and Evolution
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. David E Kingsmill($146,309), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Initiation And Evolution, Convection Initiation, Convective Storms, Boundaries, Boundary, Dynamic, Fronts, Has, Instabilities, Investigated, Involved, Kinematic, Objectives, Processes, Pursued, Specific, Thermodynamic.

Wyoming King Air as a National Facility
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: EPSCoR Co-Funding

1. Robert D Kelly($7,800,410), University of Wyoming, Laramie
Key terms: Cooperative Agreement, King Air, Aircraft, Facility, Has, KA, KAWCR, Maintain, NSF, Operate, Period, Students, UW, Upgrades, Wyoming.

Collaborative Research: Calibration of Sr:Ca and d18O Proxies of the Southern Quahog, Mercenaria Campechiensis, to Reconstruct Late Holocene Climate, SW Florida
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Donna Surge($201,159), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
Key terms: Temperature And Salinity, Delta Oxygen-18, Modern Shells, Predictive-model Shells, Southern Quahog, Archaeological, Climate, Comparing, Florida, Observed, Predictive-model, RRC, Respectively, Strontiumcalcium, Water.

Late Holocene Geo-biologic Records of Climate Changes at Lake Tanganyika, East Africa, with Seasonal to Decadal Resolution
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Jay C Stager($299,964), Paul Smith's College of Arts and Sciences, Paul Smiths
Key terms: Lake Tanganyika, Basin, Compared, Global, History, Insights, Latitudes, Origin, Paleoclimate, Rainfall, Sediment, Solar, Tropical.

Isotope Dendroclimatology in Tropical Asia
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Daniel P Schrag($331,854), Harvard University, Cambridge
Key terms: Archive, Asia, Climate, Colleagues, Create, Decadal, ENSO, Examine, Field, Growth, Has, Inter-annual, Isotope, Natural, Possess, Rainfall, Regions, Seasonal, Seasonality, Time, Tree, Trees, Tropical.

Collaborative Research: Holocene Climatic Changes in the Mongolian Plateau
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Alexander A Prokopenko($98,430), University South Carolina Research Foundation, Columbia
2. Zhaodong Feng($147,130), Montclair State University, Montclair
3. Kam-biu Liu($125,081), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
Key terms: Mongolian Plateau, Circulation, Climate, Global, Holocene, International, Monsoon, North, Nuur, Oscillation, Proxies, Region.

Evolution of Atmospheric Circulation Patterns over Continental Interior Asia during the Past 1.4 Ma from Millennial-Scale Carbonate-Based Proxy Records from Lake Hovsgol, Mongolia
Award Effective Date: 06/15/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Alexander A Prokopenko($291,355), University South Carolina Research Foundation, Columbia
Key terms: 000-year Orbital Cycles, 000-year Orbital, Dominated, International, Lake, South, Transition.

A Diatom Paleolimnology Data Cooperative to Support Climate Change Research
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Timothy J Sullivan($156,000), Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, Philadelphia
Key terms: DPDC.

High-Resolution Paleoclimatic Records from Tree Rings in the Soudan Sahel of West Africa
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Aondover Tarhule($100,517), University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Norman
Key terms: West African, Climate, Climatic, Conditions, Drought, Historical, Region, Sahel.

Strontium (Sr) Isotope and Strontium/Calcium (Sr/Ca) Ratios Variations in Speleothems from Central China: A New Proxy for Paleomonsoon Variability
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Hong-Chun Li($291,712), University of Southern California, Los Angeles
Key terms: Cave, Chinese, Climate, EAM, Isotopes, Proxy.

Collaborative Research: High-Resolution, Low-Latitude Paleoclimatology Through Scientific Drilling of Lake Bosumtwi, Ghana
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Jonathan T Overpeck($60,915), University of Arizona, Tucson
2. Christopher A Scholz($98,088), Syracuse University, Syracuse
3. John W King($126,474), University of Rhode Island, Kingston
4. John A Peck($392,412), University of Akron, Akron
Key terms: Africa, Analyses, Climate, Cores, Crater, Ghanaian, Lake, Multiple.

Collaborative Research: Hydrologic Variability in the Pacific Northwest During the Past 13,000 Years from High-Resolution Studies of Finely Laminated Lake Sediments
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Mark B Abbott($388,851), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh
2. Bruce P Finney($118,376), University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus, Fairbanks
Key terms: Climate, Climatic, Lake, Oscillation, PDO, Pacific, Region, Regional.

Collaborative Research: Testing Early Anthropogenic Effects on Climate
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Stephen J Vavrus($174,923), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
2. William F Ruddiman($54,575), University of Virginia Main Campus, Charlottesville
Key terms: Activities Undertaken, Carbon Dioxide, Added, Ago, Amounts, Atmosphere, Concentrations, Cooler, Emissions, Gas, Greenhouse, Greenhouse-gas, Human, Humans, Methane, Natural, Pre-industrial, Prevailed, World.

Modeling the Role of Solar Variability in Late Pleistocene Millennial-Scale Climate Oscillations
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2003; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Christopher J Poulsen($188,709), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Tropical And Extra-tropical, North Atlantic, Solar Forcing, Solar Irradiance, Tropical Climate, Water Vapor, Compared, Experiments, Forced, Glacial, Glaciation, Linkages, Model, Rapid, Regions.

Collaborative Research: A Holocene History of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation, Solar Variability, and the Central American Monsoon from Speleothem Calcite
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2003; Program: GLOBAL CHANGE

1. Matthew S Lachniet($154,670), University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas
Key terms: Solar Irradiance, Climate, ENSO, Holocene, Isotopes, Paleoclimate, Proxy, Rainfall, Tropical.

High Performance Instrumented Airborne Platform for Environmental Research (HIAPER)
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2003; Program: HIGH-PERFORM INSTR AIR PLAT FO

1. Richard Anthes($12,521,129), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Aircraft, Altitude, Duration, HIAPER, Payload.

Collaborative Research: ITR (ASE)+(sim): Virtual Laboratory for Earth and Planetary Materials Studies
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: ITR FOR NATIONAL PRIORITIES

1. Marlon E Pierce($166,227), Indiana University, Bloomington
2. Philip B Allen($298,000), SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook
3. Frank J Spera($206,000), University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara
4. Gordon Erlebacher($230,266), Florida State University, Tallahassee
5. Bijaya B Karki($100,000), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
6. Joern Ilja Siepmann($1,809,437), University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis
Key terms: Numerical Simulation, Available, Codes, Collaboration, Collaborative, Developing, Development, Facilitate, First-principles, Grid, Infrastructure, International, Iron, Laboratory, Minerals, Modeling, NB, Properties, Silicates, Titan, Tools, Virtual, Web, Workshops.

Collaborative Research: ITR-(ASE)+(DMC_INT): New Methods for the Exploration of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents with Multiple Autonomous Underwater Robotic Vehicles
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: ITR FOR NATIONAL PRIORITIES

1. Milica Stojanovic($327,873), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
2. Hanumant Singh($1,875,298), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole
3. Louis L Whitcomb($606,762), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore
Key terms: Information Technology, Multiple Auvs, Acoustic, Communication, Degrees, Developing, Enable, Exploration, Frequency, Hydrothermal, Large-scale, Navigation, Oceanographic, Quantitatively, Surveys, Techniques, Unexplored, Vent.

Collaborative Research: Marine Metadata Interoperability Project
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: ITR FOR NATIONAL PRIORITIES

1. Stephanie M Watson($367,129), Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing
2. John J Helly($48,591), University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography, La Jolla
Key terms: Marine Metadata, Ocean Observations, Burden, Effectively, Effort, Existing, Expanding, Modern, Practices, Programs, Standards, Test-bed, Tools, Usage, Users, Variety.

Collaborative Research: ITR-(ASE)-(sim): A Multi-scale Combined Hybrid-Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)-Neutral Atom Code
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: ITR FOR NATIONAL PRIORITIES

1. Joachim Raeder($334,772), University of New Hampshire, Durham
2. Gianfranco Ciardo($1,662,650), University of California-Riverside, Riverside
Key terms: Neutral Atoms, Adaptive, Code, Dynamics, Features, Heliosphere, Model, Particles, Physics, Plasma, Representing, Resulting, Small-scale, Solar, Space.

ITR-(ASE)-(int): Development of Efficient Real-Time Multi-mode Data Assimilation and Analysis Techniques for the Arecibo and Related Geophysical Radar Systems
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: ITR FOR NATIONAL PRIORITIES

1. John F Doherty($1,080,647), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: Arecibo Observatory, Signal Processing, Algorithms, Developed, Digital, Meteor, Meteors, Objects, Orbits, Permit, Radar, Returns, Techniques.

Collaborative Research: ITR: Framework for Optimal Merging of Multi-sensor Spatial Data and Multi-model, Multi-analysis Ensemble Forecasts of Heavy Precipitation and Floods
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: ITR SMALL GRANTS

1. Ana P Barros($294,595), Duke University, Durham
Key terms: Flooding, Forecasting, Heavy, Models, Precipitation, Regions, Techniques.

Integrated Assessment of the Influences of Emission Sources, Meteorology and Atmospheric Chemistry on Aerosol Loadings over South Asia: Implications for Regional Climate
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: International Research Collab

1. Uma Shankar($488,081), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
Key terms: Aerosol, Aerosols, Anthropogenic, Emission, Indian, Loadings, Modeling, Observed, Regional, Relative.

SGER: Diagnosis of North American Hydroclimate Variability in Coupled Model Simulations
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: LARGE-SCALE DYNAMIC METEOROLOG

1. Alfredo Ruiz-Barradas($25,000), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Convergent Moisture Fluxes, Summer And Winter, Climate Model, Coupled Simulations, Local Recycling, Water Cycle, Analysis, Atmospheric, Evaporation, Hydroclimate, Issue, Models, Monthly, North, Observations, Pis, Potential, Precipitation, Special, Surface, Via.

Global Circulation of the Atmosphere Conference; Pasadena, California; November 4-6, 2004
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: LARGE-SCALE DYNAMIC METEOROLOG

1. Adam H Sobel($15,000), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
Key terms: Global Circulation, Conference.

Cumulus Ensemble Sensitivities
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: LARGE-SCALE DYNAMIC METEOROLOG

1. Brian E Mapes($349,236), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Deep Convection, Atmospheric, Cloud, Clouds, Cumulus, Large-scale, Models, Occurrence, Sensitivity, Troposphere.

Analyzing the Structure and Evolution of Southern Hemisphere Synoptic Variability Using a New Reanalysis Observations Database
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: LARGE-SCALE DYNAMIC METEOROLOG

1. Edmund K Chang($261,106), SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook
Key terms: Baroclinic Waves, Southern Hemisphere, Weather Services, Assimilation, Available, Circulation, Features, Implications, Products, Re-analyses, Statistics, Storms, Structure, Synoptic.

CAREER: Massively Parallel Simulation of Multiscale Dynamics and Plasma Heating in Alfvenic Turbulence
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2005; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Zhihong Lin($498,619), University of California-Irvine, Irvine
Key terms: Basic Plasma Physics, Alfvenic Turbulence, Magnetic Fusion, Massively Parallel, Parallel Computing, Plasma Heating, Space Plasma, Advanced, Algorithms, California, Cascade, Computational, Dissipation, Education, Effects, Energy, Irvine, Nonlinearity, Program, Recently, Simulation, Simulations, Students, Training, Wave-particle.

CAREER: Scale-independent Measures and Prediction of Space Weather
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2005; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. James Wanliss($329,228), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach
Key terms: K-12 Teachers, Account, Analyses, Behavior, Educational, Ground-based, Local, Magnetic, Magnetometer, Multi-fractal, Prediction, Programs, Statistical, Storm, Students, Time, Workshops.

CAREER: Kinetic Theory and Simulation of Magnetospheric Plasmas
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2005; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. William Daughton($262,740), University of Iowa, Iowa City
Key terms: Current Layers, Current Sheets, Kinetic Simulations, Laboratory Plasmas, Magnetic Reconnection, Plasma Simulation, Advanced, Applications, Computing, Educational, Electron, Linear, Magnetopause, Magnetosphere, Magnetotail, Physics, Program, Regions, Space, Theoretical.

GEM Postdoc: Comparative Studies to Determine the Role of Heavy Ions in Magnetospheric/Ionospheric Coupling During Storm Periods
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Erika M Harnett($167,345), University of Washington, Seattle
Key terms: Ionospheric, Magnetotail, Outflows.

Studies of Periodic Substorms
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. None($50,000), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
Key terms: Driving Periodic, Solar Wind, Earth, Energetic, Examine, Has, Magnetic, Magnetosphere, Substorms.

GEM: The Role of Wave-Particle Interactions in the Inner Magnetosphere
Award Effective Date: 11/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Richard M Thorne($353,000), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Geomagnetic Activity, Magnetic Storms, Plasma Waves, Acceleration, Code, Developed, Diffusion, Electron, Energetic, Energy, Loss, Magnetospheric, Mechanisms, Model, Particles, Radiation, Rate.

M-I Coupling: Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) Investigation of Field-Aligned Ionospheric Plasma Transport at Polar Latitudes
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. James L Horwitz($253,274), University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington
Key terms: High-latitude Magnetic Field, Magnetic Field Lines, High-latitude Magnetic, Investigate, Investigation, Ion, Ionospheric, Model, Region, Simulation, Training, Treatment.

CAREER: Dynamics and Evolution of Magnetic Storms in Varying Solar Wind Conditions
Award Effective Date: 08/11/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Niescja E Turner($410,908), Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne
Key terms: Ring Current, Solar Wind, Galileo, Phases, Physics, Students, UTEP.

GEM: Observational Study of Time-Dependent MI-Coupling During Auroral Formation
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Joshua Semeter($146,985), Trustees of Boston University, Boston
Key terms: Incoherent Scatter, Auroral, EISCAT, ESR, European, Facilities, Models, Observational, Radar, Utilize.

Stability of Thin Current Sheets in the Earth's Magnetotail: Theory, Simulations, and Observations
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Amitava Bhattacharjee($329,998), University of New Hampshire, Durham
Key terms: Current Sheets, Hall Mhd, Code, Drift-ballooning, Growth, Ii, Iii, Junior, Observations, PIC, Phase, Postdoctoral, Simulations, Stability, Substorm, Theory.

Modeling of Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) Ordered Fine Structure via Electromagnetic and Electrostatic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC/EIC) Wave Stimulation and Particle Interaction
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Amitava Bhattacharjee($300,000), University of Iowa, Iowa City
Key terms: Akr Fine Structure, Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron, Wave Generation, Acceleration, Auroral, Coupling, EIC, EMIC, Electrostatic, Frequency, M-I, Observed, Plasma, Region, Simulations, Source, Stimulation, Waves.

Collaborative Research: Substorm and Storm Injection Studies Using a Coupled Global MHD - RCM Model
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Joachim Raeder($12,488), University of New Hampshire, Durham
Key terms: Substorm And Storm, Coupled Model, Comparisons, Coupling, Exchange, Global, Information, Injections, MHD, Magnetosphere, Models, Physics, RCM.

Thin Ionization Layer of the Enhanced Aurora
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Edgar Choueiri($324,000), Princeton University, Princeton
Key terms: Heavy Ion Layers, Ambient Electrons, Enhanced Aurora, Ionization Energy, Analysis, Dense, Displays, Examine, Has, Instabilities, Model, Nitrogen, Plasma, Simulations, Theoretical, Thin.

GEM: Impact of Coupling and Feedback Processes in Geospace on Ring Current Dynamics
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Michael W Liemohn($328,000), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Operational Environmental Satellites, Inner Magnetospheric, Ion Precipitation, Magnetic Storm, Magnetic Storms, Neutral Atom, Ring Current, Analysis, Coupling, Dynamics, Field, Geospace, Global, Imager, Model, National, Observations, Regions, Selected.

Generalized Interchange Instabilities in the Magnetosphere
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Ferdinand V Coroniti($420,000), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Convection Electric Field, Interchange Mode, Substorm Onset, Computers, Conditions, Driven, Flux, Lead, Magnetic, Magnetotail, Mechanism, PIC, Presentation, Region, Simulations.

An Arctic Winter Balloon Campaign to Study Mechanisms of Relativistic Electron Precipitation
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Michael P McCarthy($252,673), Dartmouth College, Hanover
Key terms: Balloon Observations, Electron Precipitation, Proton Precipitation, Radiation Belts, Relativistic Electron, Antarctic, Balloons, Campaign, Carrying, Directly, Launched, Losses, Mev, Northern, Processes, REP, Sensitive, Winter, X-ray.

GEM: Steering Committee Operations
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Robert J Strangeway($45,000), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Gem Steering Committee, Gem Program, Continued, Geospace.

GEM: Development and Application of Magnetospheric Equilibrium Magnetic Field Models
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Frank R Toffoletto($180,000), William Marsh Rice University, Houston
Key terms: Empirical Models, Equilibrium Solutions, Equilibrium Solver, Inner Magnetosphere, Plasma Pressure, Anisotropic, Earth, Inputs, Investigate, Magnetic-field, Modification, Set.

GEM: Communication Coordination and Science Support
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Christopher T Russell($293,000), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: GEM, Magnetosphere, Newsletter, Plasma.

GEM: Coordination for the Geospace Environment Modeling Workshops
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Frank R Toffoletto($307,000), William Marsh Rice University, Houston
Key terms: Workshop Coordination, GEM, Held, Meeting, Program, Summer.

Near-Simultaneous Observations from Multiple DMSP Satellites: A New Direction in Probing the Magnetosphere
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Ching-I Meng($240,000), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore
Key terms: Double Cusp, Particle Precipitation, Particular Signatures, Auroral, DMSP, Evolution, LSEA, Magnetic, Noon, Opposite, Passes, Satellites, Spatial, Structure, Temporal.

Kinetic Theory and Simulation of Ultra-Low-Frequency Waves in Magnetospheric Plasmas
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Liu Chen($246,000), University of California-Irvine, Irvine
Key terms: Code, Dipole, Linear, Magnetic, Modes, Nonlinear, Observations, Plasmas, Waves.

Theoretical Modeling of the Inner Radiation Belt
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Mark D Looper($60,000), Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo
Key terms: Cosmic Ray Energy, Inner Radiation Belt, Albedo Neutrons, Neutron Flux, Solar Cycle, Atmosphere, Function, GEANT, Interaction, Model, Proton, Software, Toolkit.

Three-Dimensional Dynamics of Thin Current Sheets and Their Role in the Triggering and Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Magnetotail Substorms
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2003; Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS

1. Amitava Bhattacharjee($32,258), University of New Hampshire, Durham
Key terms: Thin Current Sheets, Pressure-driven Ballooning, Growth, Hall, Magnetotail, Pressure-driven, Substorm, Substorms.

Collaborative Research: CMG: Predictability and Dynamics of Models of Quasigeostrophic Turbulence and Their Low-Dimensional Truncations
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES

1. Richard Kleeman($98,256), New York University, New York
2. Ilya Timofeyev($422,694), University of Houston, Houston
Key terms: Low-dimensional Chaotic Structures, Low-dimensional Chaotic, Relative Entropy, Analysis, Atmospheric, Behavior, Compared, Derived, Examine, Information, Models, Predictability, Stochastic, Two-layer.

CMG: Use of Nonlinear Analysis to Characterize the Behavior and Predictability of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES

1. Mark J Friedman($511,975), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville
Key terms: Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Bifurcation Analysis, Approach, Behavior, Dependence, Extend, Models, Numerical, Parameters, Surface.

Collaborative Research: CMG: Gridded Analyses of Large Multi-Scale Climate Data Sets with Ensemble Representation of Uncertainty
Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES

1. Alexey Kaplan($225,043), Columbia University, New York
2. Craig Johns($163,000), University of Colorado at Denver-Downtown Campus, Denver
Key terms: Average Analysis Field, Analyzed, Approach, Climate, Climatological, Covariance, Developed, Efficient, Ensemble, Estimation, Fields, Irregularly, Method, Methods, Past, Reconstructs, Requires, Sets, Uncertainty.

Collaborative Research: MSPA-CSE: State Estimation and Predictability of High-Dimensional Complex Systems--Theory and Experiment
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: MSPA-INTERDISCIPLINARY

1. Dhanurjay(D.J.) A Patil($499,792), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
2. Michael Schatz($233,646), Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta
Key terms: Spatially Extended, Thermal Convection, Applied, Cell, Complex, Complexity, Control, Environmental, Estimation, Experiments, Flow, High-dimensional, Laboratory, Model, Shallow, Techniques.

MSPA-CSE: Statistical Methods for Precipitation Nowcasting and Verification
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: MSPA-INTERDISCIPLINARY

1. Neil I Fox($750,000), University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia
Key terms: Hidden Dynamics, Parametric Dependence, Precipitation Field, Short-term Forecasts, Approach, Atmospheric, Development, Evolution, Low-dimensional, Map, Meteorological, Process, Propagator, Represented, Sequential, Set, Short-term, Storm, Techniques, Tested.

Acquisition of a Large Beowulf Computer Cluster for Across-Discipline Research and Education at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Major Research Instrumentation

1. Magdy S Attia($757,825), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach
Key terms: Corporate, Direct, Establishes, Link, Modeling, Population, Space, Underrepresented.

Acquisition of a Computer Cluster for Geospace Modeling
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Major Research Instrumentation

1. Harald A Kucharek($261,439), University of New Hampshire, Durham
Key terms: Computer Cluster, Space Weather, Ability, Coupled, Directly, Earth, Education, Magnetic, Model, Modeling, Plasmas, Simulations.

Acquisition of a High Performance Computing Cluster for Solar and High-Energy Astrophysics Research
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Major Research Instrumentation

1. James A Miller($102,700), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville
Key terms: Hardware And Software, Archiving Hardware, Visualization Hardware, Analysis, Astrophysics, Available, Characterization, Computational, Design, Development, Efforts, Existing, Experimental, Facility, Future, HPCC, Instrument, Instrumentation, Model, Ongoing, Physics, Postdocs, Programs, Proposers, Solar, Storage, Students, UAH, Uahs.

Development of the Thunderstorm Energetic Radiation Array (TERA)
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Major Research Instrumentation

1. Joseph R Dwyer($771,123), Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne
Key terms: Breakdown Process, Electromagnetic Radiation, Gamma Rays, Array, Center, Development, Electric, Existing, Facility, Fields, Instruments, Lightning, Measuring, Nature, Observations, Produced, X-rays.

Development of Infrared Instrumentation for High-Resolution and High-Precision Solar Magnetic Field Observations
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Major Research Instrumentation

1. Donald L Mickey($1,978,755), University of Hawaii, Honolulu
Key terms: Coronal Magnetic Fields, Ifu Imaging Spectroscopy, Solar Magnetic Fields, Spatial And Time, Solar Observatory, Time Resolution, AO, Capabilities, DST, FOV, IR, Instruments, MSO, Moderate, NSOSP, Observations, Optics, Photosphere, Precise, Small-scale, Spectropolarimeter, Three-dimensional.

Acquisition of Instrumentation for Measurement of Airborne Organics and Fine Particulate Matter
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Major Research Instrumentation

1. Peter J Adams($357,972), Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh
Key terms: Mass Spectrometer, Aerosols, Ambient, Atmospheric, Organic.

Application of an Aerosol Model to Simulate Smoke and Marine Aerosols
Award Effective Date: 11/15/2004; Program: NANOSCALE: INTRDISCPL RESRCH T

1. Owen B Toon($996,938), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Detailed Regional Simulations, Marine Sulfate Aerosols, Ncar Match Model, Regional Simulations Driven, Sea Salt Aerosols, Direct Comparisons, Optical Properties, Real Winds, Source Functions, Climate, Clouds, Contribute, Distribution, Evolution, Global, Influence, Investigate, Models, Observations, Performed, Smoke, Sources.

UCAR-Significant Opportunities in Atmospheric Research and Science (SOARS)
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: NCAR-Nat Center Atmosph Resear

1. Rajul E Pandya($880,754), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Atmospheric, Increase.

Chronology of Multiple Time-Scale Climate Events in the Americas; Yucatan, Mexico; March 10-12, 2005
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. David W Stahle($13,750), University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Key terms: Americas, Decadal, Discuss, Drought, ENSO, High-resolution, Historical, Information, Paleoclimate, Pre-instrumental, Workshop, Yucatan.

Multi-Scale Modeling of Fine-Scale Structure and Droplet Spectral Evolution in Cumulus Clouds
Award Effective Date: 09/15/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Steven K Krueger($279,170), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
Key terms: Droplet Size Distributions, Trade-wind Cumulus Clouds, Cloud Droplets, Cloud Fields, Fine-scale Structure, Relative Importance, Trade-wind Cumulus, Experiment, Fine-scale, Graduate, Increases, Leading, Mixing, Model, Models, Processes, RICO, Three-dimensional.

Tree-Ring Reconstructions of Asian Monsoon Climate Dynamics
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Rosanne D D'Arrigo($5,535,507), Columbia University, New York
Key terms: Asian Monsoon Climate, Centennial Time Scales, Air Temperatures, Large-scale Coupled, Centuries, Drive, Examine, Inter-annual, Interacted, Large-scale, Past, Processes, Region, Ssts, Surface, Varied.

SGER: North Atlantic Climate Variability from a Nonlinear Perspective
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. David B Reusch($90,301), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: North Atlantic Oscillation, Climatic Variable, Nonlinear Techniques, Nonlinear Tools, Analyses, Analysis, Applied, Broader, Colleagues, Confidence, History, Independent, Linear, NAO, Paleoclimatic, Reconstruction, Reconstructions, Sedimentary, Temperature, Uniformitarian, Validation.

Timing and Magnitude of Climate Change Across the Eocene-Oligocene Transition, Northern Great Plains, USA
Award Effective Date: 06/15/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Matthew J Kohn($231,445), University South Carolina Research Foundation, Columbia
Key terms: Climate, Plains, Teeth, Transition, World.

Collaborative Research: Understanding Sensitivity of Great Lakes Water Levels to Climatic Forcing
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Michael Lewis($294,954), University of Rhode Island, Kingston
2. Alison J Smith($23,490), Kent State University, Kent
3. David K Rea($119,437), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
4. David L Dettman($24,874), University of Arizona, Tucson
Key terms: Cal Bp, Air, Conditions, Eastern, Increase, Lake, Lakes, Levels, Water.

Collaborative Research: Multiproxy Archives of Late Holocene Climate Variability from Ombrotrophic Peatlands in Eastern North America
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Yongsong Huang($71,189), Brown University, Providence
2. Elise Pendall($116,624), University of Wyoming, Laramie
3. Robert K Booth($128,545), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison
Key terms: Climate, Peatland, Peatlands, Pollen, Region.

Collaborative Research: A High Resolution Speleothem Record of Holocene, Last Glacial, and Last Interglacial Climate and Vegetation from the North American Mid-Continent
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Jeffrey Dorale($233,055), University of Iowa, Iowa City
2. Richard L Edwards($97,754), University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis
Key terms: Crevice Cave, Interglacial-glacial Cycle, Climate, High-resolution, Interglacial-glacial, Mid-continent, North, Site, Speleothems.

Collaborative Research: Interannual-to-Centennial Climate Variability in the Southeastern Pacific from Easter Island Corals
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Gerard M Wellington($51,021), University of Houston, Houston
2. Robert B Dunbar($295,091), Stanford University, Stanford
Key terms: Easter Island, Sea Surface, South Pacific, Universidad De, Chile, Climate, Section, Southeastern, Students, Time.

"Quaternary Grassland Forest Dynamics" -- 18th Biennial Meeting of the American Quaternary Association; Lawrence, Kansas; June 26-28, 2004
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Elmer Bettis III($9,900), University of Iowa, Iowa City
Key terms: AMQUA, Conference, Foster, Presentations, Quaternary, Students.

The Peruvian Fossil Forest Piedra Chamana: A Record of Continental Conditions during the Middle Eocene
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Herbert W Meyer($146,338), Clark University, Worcester
Key terms: Middle Eocene, Climate, Conditions, Fossil, Latitudes, National, Peru, Peruvian, Site, Tropical, Warmth.

Climate Reconstruction and Analysis Using Tree-Ring Data from Ancient Forests of Mexico and the Southern United States of America
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Matthew D Therrell($469,930), University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Key terms: Climate-sensitive Tree-ring Chronologies, Climate-sensitive Tree-ring, Mexico Region, Tree-ring Chronologies, Coverage, Decadal, Examined, Expand, Gulf, North, Oscillation.

SGER: Deep Coring of the Valles Caldera, New Mexico to Obtain a Long-Term Paleoclimate Record
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Peter J Fawcett($29,635), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
Key terms: Glacial-interglacial Cycles, Sediment Core, Valles Caldera, Volcanic Caldera, Age, Allow, Analyses, Climate, Colleagues, Drilling, Efforts, Glacial-interglacial, Lacustrine, Mexico, Northern, Paleoclimatic, Preliminary, SGER, Sedimentary, Southwest.

Collaborative Research: High Resolution Records of Holocene Climate Change, Drought Variability and Monsoon Behavior from the Uinta Mountains of Utah
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Katrina A Moser($137,450), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
2. David F Porinchu($62,379), Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE, Columbus
3. Jeffrey S Munroe($18,002), Middlebury College, Middlebury
4. David F Porinchu($62,379), California State University-Long Beach Foundation, Long Beach
5. Glen MacDonald($82,475), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Drought, Environmental, Information, Lake, Paleoclimate, Precipitation, Sediments, Surface, Temperature, UM, Utah.

Just Climate? Pursuing Environmental Justice in the Face of Global Climate Change Conference; Ann Arbor, Michigan; March 26-28, 2004
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Cathleen L May($14,032), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Climate, Conference, Social, Students.

SGER: Holocene Variability of the South Pacific Westerly Wind Field
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Robert B Dunbar($59,581), Stanford University, Stanford
Key terms: Southern Hemisphere Westerly, Lago Fagnano, Colleagues, Control, Cores, Environmental, Geophysical, High-resolution, Hydrologic, Lake, Paleoclimate, Past, Region, Sediment, Sparse, Water.

SGER: Radiocarbon (14C)-Calendar Calibration: An Update to "CALIB"
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Thomas P Guilderson($72,227), University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz
Key terms: Calib Program, Calibration Program, Time Periods, Control, Critical, Radiocarbon, Supported.

Collaborative Research: Evaluation of the Mid-Cretaceous Cool Tropics Paradox Using Isotopic Global Climate Models (GCMs) and Foraminiferal and Paleosol Siderite d18O Datasets
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2003; Program: Paleoclimate

1. Christopher J Poulsen($107,538), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Cool Tropics Paradox, Cretaceous Seawater Delta18o, Delta18o Surface Fluxes, Seawater Delta18o Values, Circulation Model, Delta18o Surface, Delta18o Values, Hydrologic Cycle, Isotopic Analysis, Planktonic Foraminiferal, Sea-surface Temperatures, Seawater Delta18o, Tropical Climate, AGCM, Atmospheric, Considerably, Deltao, Existing, FOAM, GENESIS, Greenhouse, Latitudinal, Lead, Mid-cretaceous, Predict, Sea-surface, Similar, Warmer.

Collaborative Research: Surface-Atmosphere Feedbacks and Holocene Climate Variations in Eastern North America: Linkages, Impacts, and Governing Mechanisms
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2003; Program: Paleoclimate

1. John W Williams($177,761), University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis
2. Bryan N Shuman($198,532), University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis
Key terms: Eastern North, Holocene Climate, Surface-atmosphere Feedbacks, Critical, Effects, External, Forcings, Gas, Generation, Global, Interactions, Internal, Land-cover, Mechanisms, Model, Networks, Orbital, Processes, Proxy, Reconstructions, Regional, Surface-atmosphere.

Lightning Detection And Ranging (LDAR II) Operation, Evaluation, and Analyses in the Houston Environmental Aerosol Thunderstorm (HEAT) Project
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Lawrence D Carey($843,371), Texas A&M Research Foundation, College Station
Key terms: Air Quality Field, Houston Lightning Anomaly, Air Motions, Electrical Charge, Lightning Detection, Storm Structure, Aerosols, Characteristics, City, Cloud, Cloud-to-ground, Convection, Flashes, HLA, Increased, Information, LDAR, Microphysical, NLDN, Observations, Pollution, Surface, Texas.

Cloud Modeling and Probability Density Functions
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Vincent E Larson($284,568), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee
Key terms: Host Model Equations, Ice Water Content, Liquid Water Content, Microphysics Schemes, Numerical Models, Assumption, Cloud, Clouds, Concentration, Droplet, Fields, PDF, Parameterizations, Pdfs, Radiative, Ranging, Subgrid, Thermodynamic.

Symmetric and Asymmetric Intensification Processes in Tropical Cyclones
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. David S Nolan($185,428), University of Miami, Coral Gables
Key terms: Symmetric And Asymmetric, Tropical Cyclone Development, Gravity Waves, Wind Field, Adjustment, Axisymmetric, Center, Convection, Dynamics, Efficiency, Energy, Forecasting, Heat, Heating, Intensification, Intensity, Model, Particular, Previous, Process, Processes, Storm.

Comprehensive Physical and Chemical Measurements to Test Predictions of Radiative and Hygroscopic Properties of Surface Atmospheric Aerosol
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Peter S Liu($280,783), University of Wyoming, Laramie
Key terms: Aerosol Composition, Particle Size, Size Distribution, Calculated, Cloud, Estimates, Importance, Measure, Optical, Particular, Properties, Time, Wyoming.

Collaborative Research: Observational and Modeling Study of Hurricane Rainbands and Intensity Changes
Award Effective Date: 12/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Bradley F Smull($635,631), University of Washington, Seattle
2. David S Nolan($469,042), University of Miami, Coral Gables
Key terms: Convective And Stratiform, Eyewall Replacement Cycles, Secondary Wind Maxima, Asymmetric Heating, Doppler Radar, Field Program, Flight Program, Hurricane Intensity, Inner Core, Outer Rainband, Pv Features, Storm Intensity, Stratiform Regions, Airborne, Aircraft, Atmospheric, Collected, Coordinated, Dedicated, Dynamics, Equipped, Evolution, Examined, Formation, Inner-core, Interactions, Main, Model, NOAA, National, Objective, Objectives, Principal, RAINEX, Rainbands, Relation, Simulations, Simultaneously, Storms, Structure, Structures, Vortex.

Collaborative Research: Surface Boundary Layer Characterization in Urban Areas
Award Effective Date: 12/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Akula Venkatram($222,001), University of California-Riverside, Riverside
2. Harindra Joseph Fernando($203,356), Arizona State University, Tempe
3. Steven R Hanna($210,000), Harvard University, Cambridge
Key terms: Urban Boundary Layer, Characteristics, Characterization, Characterize, Cities, Difficult, Dispersion, Hazardous, Models, Rural, Surface, Tested.

Aerosol Particle Effects on Warm and Cold Cloud Formation
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Sonia M Kreidenweis($578,027), Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Key terms: Climate Models, Nucleating Properties, Atmosphere, Characteristics, Droplets, Dust, Ice, Laboratory, Nucleation, Organic, Particles, Processes, Pure, Regions, Representations.

Storm-Scale Predictability
Award Effective Date: 11/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Steven L Mullen($287,125), University of Arizona, Tucson
Key terms: High-resolution Numerical Models, High-resolution Numerical, Predictability Limits, Storm Environment, Storm-scale Predictability, Experiments, Features, Horizontally, Nature, Performed, Run, Storm-scale, Storms.

Study of Processes Leading to Tropical Cyclone Intensity Change
Award Effective Date: 10/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Yuqing Wang($278,840), University of Hawaii, Honolulu
Key terms: Inner Core Region, Outer Spiral Rainbands, Structure And Intensity, Tropical Cyclone Structure, Cyclone Structure, Environmental Flow, External Forcing, Eyewall Convection, Tc Intensity, Tropical Cyclones, Affect, Asymmetric, Center, Does, Interact, Numerical, Perform, Prediction, Processes, USWRP, Vortex.

Microphysics and Optics in Trade Wind Cumulus Clouds
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. None($155,989), Gerber Scientific Inc., Reston
Key terms: Cloud Droplet Size, Droplet Size Distribution, Liquid Water Content, Integrating Nephelometer, Rain Formation, Clouds, Has, Instruments, Lead, Measure, PVM, Precipitation, RICO, Trade-wind.

Cloud Drop Size Distribution Measurement Using Phase Doppler Interferometry during Rain In Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO)
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Patrick Y Chuang($194,924), University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz
Key terms: Droplet Size Distribution, Cloud, Cumulus, Droplets, Formation, Instrument, Objective, RICO, Rain, Technique.

Modeling Mesoscale Circulations by Coupled Nonlinear Systems
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Alexander Gluhovsky($59,999), Purdue University, West Lafayette
Key terms: Atmospheric Dynamics, Conservation Properties, Fluid Dynamical, Rayleigh-benard Convection, Unphysical Behavior, Approach, Basic, Effective, Equations, Gyrostatic, Gyrostats, Hamiltonian, LOM, Loms, Mechanisms, Method, Models, Original, Rayleigh-benard, Shallow.

Collaborative Research: Demonstration of a New Framework for Studying Aerosol Indirect Effects
Award Effective Date: 09/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Renyi Zhang($177,419), Texas A&M Research Foundation, College Station
2. Zhanqing Li($426,789), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Cloud Properties, Coupled Model, Urban Pollution, Aerosol, Aerosols, Affect, Balance, Climate, Clouds, Expected, Influence, Lifetime, Precipitation, Probability, Radiative.

Collaborative Research: Data Assimilation of Dual Doppler Lidar Observations of the Urban Boundary Layer
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Ching-Long Lin($313,420), University of Iowa, Iowa City
2. Ronald J Calhoun($101,542), Arizona State University, Tempe
Key terms: Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Transport And Dispersion, Air Motions, Data-assimilation Technique, Doppler Lidar, Scanning Doppler, Wind Field, Wind Fields, Component, Components, Constrain, Data-assimilation, Has, Information, Lidars, Model, Observations, Obtain, Reconstruction, Structures, Time, Turbulent, Urban, Verification.

Precipitation and Convective Statistics in the Trades: Observations, Simulation and Parameterization
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Bjorn B Stevens($551,844), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Climate Models, Cloud Fields, Trade-wind Cumuli, Characteristics, Characterize, Clouds, Detailed, Ensemble, Expected, Influence, Meaningful, Mesoscale, Properties, RICO, Set, Situ, Trade-wind, Weather.

Entrainment, Ultragiant Particles, and Warm Rain Formation in Trade Wind Cumulus
Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Sonia G Lasher-Trapp($373,568), Purdue University, West Lafayette
Key terms: Entrainment And Mixing, Warm Rain Formation, Cumulus Entrainment, Drops Formed, Potential Mechanism, Ultragiant Particles, Atmosphere, Cloud, Coalescence, Collected, Condensation, Constrained, Droplets, Growth, Has, High-resolution, Influence, Initiate, Larger, Modeling, Numerical, Objectives, Observations, Precipitation, Process, Processes, Produce, RICO, Subsequent, Traditional.

Collaborative Research: Ship-based Measurements of Cloud Microphysics and PBL Properties in Precipitating Trade Cumulus Clouds During Rain In Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO)
Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Pavlos Kollias($478,377), University of Miami, Coral Gables
2. None($392,129), NOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory, Boulder
3. Jeffrey E Hare($259,778), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Trade-wind Cumulus Clouds, Trade-wind Cumuli, Trade-wind Cumulus, Classrooms, Component, Cruise, Development, Educational, Experience, Field, Fluxes, Formed, K-, Laboratory, Measure, Oceanographic, Precipitation, Radars, Students.

Mesoscale Mechanisms of Tropical Cyclone Formation
Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. John E Molinari($364,707), SUNY at Albany, Albany
Key terms: Vertical Wind Shear, External Collaborations, Convection, Graduate, Operational, Principal, Students, Tropical.

A Study of Moist Deep Convection: Generation of Multiple Updrafts in Association with Mesoscale Forcing
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Daniel B Weber($429,992), University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Norman
Key terms: Numerical Cloud Model, Environmental Factors, Isolated Multicell, Isolated Multicellular, Mesoscale Forcing, Persistent Mesoscale, Apply, Ascent, Behavior, Convection, Convective, Deep, Flux, Graduate, Heat, Initiating, Interaction, Investigate, Methods, Moist, Momentum, Parallel, Processes, Produce, Regeneration, Simulate, Source, Storm, Storms, Thunderstorm, Time, Updraft, Via.

Individual-Particle Studies of Cloud Droplet Residues and Ambient Aerosols in RICO: Effects of Particle Size, Composition, Surface Properties and Mixing State on Trade-Wind Cumuli
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Peter A Crozier($266,972), Arizona State University, Tempe
Key terms: Cloud Droplets, Particles Influence, Clouds, Composition, Concentration, Cumulus, Formation, RICO, Rain, Sizes.

Aerosols-Climate Interactions: The Relationship between Desert Dust and Atmospheric Convection
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Nilton D Renno($484,582), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Coherent Convective Plumes, Dust Devils, Surface Flux, Vertical Transport, Arid, Atmosphere, Climate, Distribution, Global, Measure, Models, Parameterized, Representation, Source.

Improvement of Fine-mesh Numerical Meteorological Modeling
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. John C Wyngaard($489,021), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: Numerical Model, Numerical Modeling, ABL, Applications, Approaches, Atmospheric, Formulation, Grid, Install, Mesoscale, Models, Simulations, Size, Turbulence, Was.

Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and Large Nuclei in Rain In Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO)
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. James G Hudson($446,597), Nevada System of Higher Education, Desert Research Institute, Reno
Key terms: Trade Wind Cumulus, Wind Cumulus Clouds, Rain Formation, CCN, Experiment, Growth, Influences, Instrumentation, Size, Warm-rain.

RUI: Wave-Induced Nonlinear Response of Chemically Active Species and Associated Airglow Emissions in a Shear Flow
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Tai-Yin Huang($158,435), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: Gravity Waves, Sheer Flows, Interpreting, MLT, Nonlinear, Populations, Purpose, Region, Species.

Bow Echoes and Mesoscale Gravity Waves - The Role of Microphysical Processes
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Greg McFarquhar($746,282), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
Key terms: Mesoscale Gravity Waves, Numerical Modeling Studies, Severe Surface Winds, Trailing Stratiform Region, Bow Echoes, Doppler Radar, Mesoscale Convective, Rear Inflow, Severe Weather, Severe Windstorms, Warm Season, Air, Analyses, BAMEX, Central, Circulations, Courses, Descending, Downdrafts, Elevated, Evolution, Formation, Generated, Generation, Investigated, Lead, MCS, Manifestation, Mcss, Meteorology, Microphysical, Operational, Phenomena, Processes, Squall, Structure, Tornadoes, Unique.

In-situ Electrodynamics over Sprite Producing Storms in Southern Brazil
Award Effective Date: 06/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Robert H Holzworth($558,685), University of Washington, Seattle
Key terms: Sprite, X-ray.

Impact of Surface Wave Dependent Air-Sea Fluxes on Tropical Cyclone Prediction
Award Effective Date: 06/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Isaac Ginis($412,162), University of Rhode Island, Kingston
Key terms: Air-sea Momentum Flux, Surface Momentum Fluxes, Air-sea Momentum, Conditions Strongly, Cww Model, Drag Coefficient, Hurricane Conditions, Hurricane Intensity, Ocean Wave, Wave Field, Wind Speeds, Wind Structure, Breaking, Collaboration, Coupled, Effect, Experimental, Forecast, Hurricane-ocean, Influence, Investigate, KORDI, Models, Parameterizations, Pis, Predictions, Significantly, Tower, Tropical, Waves.

Fluxes in Advective and Transition Boundary Layers
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Robert D Kelly($378,199), University of Wyoming, Laramie
Key terms: Boundary Layer, Boundary Layers, Potential Users, Stable Conditions, Surface Heterogeneity, Uniform Terrain, Daytime, Flux, Future, Steps, Transport.

A Numerical Modeling Investigation of Infrasound Generated by Tornadic Storms
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Melville E Nicholls($406,981), Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Key terms: Frequency Range, Severe Storms, Advance-warning, Basis, Detection, Infrasound, Simulations, Tornadoes.

Collaborative Research: Dynamic and Thermodynamic Control of Tropical Cyclone Intensity in Sheared Environments
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Kerry A Emanuel($406,412), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
2. Michael T Montgomery($469,912), Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Key terms: Hurricane Intensity Forecasts, Operational Forecast Model, Vortex Rossby Waves, Environmental Shear, Shear Flow, Tropical Cyclones, Vortex Core, Advanced, Air, Ambient, Direct, Directly, Dynamic, Dynamical, Exclusively, Focused, Focusing, Generation, Injection, Interaction, Middle, Models, Modelthe, Mutual, Prediction, Previous, Principal, Processes, Skill, Theoretical, Theory, Thermodynamic.

Further Studies of the Phenomenology and Physics of the Lightning Discharge
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Vladimir A Rakov($1,140,700), University of Florida, Gainesville
Key terms: Upward Unconnected Discharges, Active Program, Lightning Strikes, Observing Facility, Rocket-triggered Lightning, Available, Continue, Developed, Information, Measure, Nearby, Process, Produced, Public, Radiation, Rocket-triggered.

CAREER: Integrated Studies of Recurring, Non-Traditional Mesoscale Convective Systems
Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Matthew D Parker($216,437), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln
Key terms: Convective Organization, Enrolled Students, Hazardous Weather, Meso Program, Meteorological Education, Ps Mcss, Secondary School, Abilities, Benefit, Communication, Elevated, Enhanced, Explanation, Forecast, Graduate, Has, Information, Integrated, LS, Maintenance, Mechanisms, Mesoscale, Non-traditional, Outcomes, Outreach, Precipitation, Processes, Produce, Recurring, Skills, Society, Stratiform, Web-based.

Dynamics of Heavy Precipitation over Mesoscale Mountains
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Michael L Kaplan($365,000), North Carolina State University, Raleigh
Key terms: Heavy Orographic Precipitation, Mesoscale Numerical Model, Upper-level Jet Streak, Convective Cells, Highly Favorable, Idealized Numerical, Mesoscale Convective, Numerical Experiments, Numerical Modeling, Orographic Rainfall, Upper-level Jet, Advection, Control, Environment, Flow, Mechanism, Moist, Mountain, Parameters, Principal, Propagation, Vertical.

Study of Diurnal Transitions in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Zbigniew Sorbjan($266,392), Marquette University, Milwaukee
Key terms: Boundary Layer, Convective Period, Stable Nighttime, Atmosphere, Benefit, Fluxes, Heat, Influence, LES, Models, Moisture, Momentum, Motions, Past, Periods, Represented, Structure, Transition, Transitional, Turbulent.

Eighth International Conference on Precipitation: Observation, Estimation, and Prediction of Precipitation Variability; Vancouver, British Columbia; August 8-11, 2004
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. None($22,000), Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Key terms: Atmospheric, Conference, Expected, Participants, Precipitation.

Research on Surface Map Analysis
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Frederick Sanders($96,700), Sanders, Frederick, Marblehead
Key terms: Flow Structure, Analyses, Consistent, Episodes, Fronts, Horizontal, Meteorological, Observed, Operational, Surface, Temperature, Weather, Wind.

Cloud and Dynamical Processes of Precipitating Warm Cumuli During Rain In Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO)
Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Bart Geerts($476,698), University of Wyoming, Laramie
Key terms: Wyoming Cloud Radar, Wyoming King Air, Air Motions, Cumulus Clouds, Graduate Students, Airborne, Based, Benefit, Broader, Development, Downdraft-driven, Experiment, Precipitation, RICO, Similar.

Collaborative Research: Concentrating Vorticity Near the Ground: Investigation of Supercell Rear-Flank Precipitation, Vorticity Generation, and Transport Processes
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Matthew S Gilmore($95,340), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
2. Erik N Rasmussen($536,639), University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Norman
3. Paul M Markowski($221,831), Pennsylvania State Univ University Park, University Park
Key terms: Counter-rotating Vortex Pair, Baroclinically Generated, Counter-rotating Vortex, Low-level Updraft, Rear Flank, Air, Andor, Buoyancy, Continued, Development, Dimmitt, Downdraft, Factors, Has, Hydrometeors, Hypothesized, Inflow, Leading, Low-level, Measurable, Observed, Principal, Prior, Processes, Public, RFD, Rings, Shear, Storm, Subsequently, Supercell, Tornadic, Tornado, Vorticity.

Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Spectral Broadening and the Onset of Precipitation in Warm Rain In Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) Cumuli
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Bradley A Baker($311,279), STRATTON PARK ENGINEERING CO., INC., Boulder
Key terms: Rain Formation, Size Range, Cloud, Clouds, Cumulus, D-S, Droplet, Droplets, Experiment, Future, Inhomogeneities, Instruments, Microphysical, Objectives, Probe, Processes, Reliable, Resolution, Spatial.

Precipitation Studies in Trade Wind Clouds - The Rain In Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) Experiment
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Neil F Laird($1,467,977), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
Key terms: Broader Rico Experiment, Cumulus Clouds, Rapid Onset, Trade-wind Cumulus, Tradewind Cumuli, Warm Clouds, Capabilities, Climate, Effects, Effort, Has, Involving, Lead, Models, Particles, Precipitation, Rain, Trade-wind.

High Rate Determinations of Dimethyl Sulfide and Sulfur Dioxide during Rain In Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO)
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Donald C Thornton($331,624), Drexel University, Philadelphia
Key terms: Boundary-layer Air, Cloud Lifetime, Cloud Water, Sulfur Dioxide, Warm-rain Formation, Boundary-layer, Broader, Clouds, Contribution, DMS, Future, Measure, Oxidation, Particles, Processes, RICO, Warm-rain.

Collaborative Research: Gas, Cloudwater, and Rain Hydrogen Peroxide and Methylhydroperoxide Measurements in RICO (Rain in Cumulus Over the Ocean)
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Brian G Heikes($321,224), University of Rhode Island, Kingston
2. Daniel W O'Sullivan($92,761), United States Naval Academy, Annapolis
Key terms: Cloud Age, Cloud Condensation, Broader, Clouds, Contribute, Contributions, Cumulus, Droplet, Experiment, Formation, Future, Nucleus, Peroxide, Precipitation, Processes, RICO, Substantial.

An Investigation of the Role of the Gulf Stream and Its Warm Core Eddies on East Coast Winter Storms
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Sethu Raman($394,676), North Carolina State University, Raleigh
Key terms: Coast Winter Storms, East Coast Winter, Gulf Stream, North Carolina, Warm Core, Coastal, Cyclones, Eastern, Eddies, Findings, Genesis, Graduate, Mitigation, Processes, Surface, Undergraduate.

Numerical Studies of the Landfalling Characteristics and Dynamics of Hurricanes
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Da-Lin Zhang($463,018), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Model Initial Conditions, Track And Intensity, Extreme Winds, Grid Resolution, Landfalling Characteristics, Landfalling Hurricanes, Dynamical, Numerical, Objectives, Physics, Precipitation, Processes, Realistic, Simulations, Storms, Tracks, Underlying.

Polarimetric Radar Operation in Support of North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME)
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. Steven A Rutledge($519,417), Colorado State University, Fort Collins
Key terms: Numerical Weather Prediction, Warm Season Precipitation, Weather Prediction Models, Diurnal Cycle, Name Eop, Convection, Convective, Doppler, Expected, Identification, Intensity, Monsoon, Morphology, North, Observations, Parameterizations, Polarimetric, Precipitating, Predictability, Processes, Rainfall, Region, Southwest, Storm, Stratiform, Structure, Surface, Tropical.

Collaborative Research: Mesoscale Structure of Boundary Layer Water Vapor Budgets and Depth during IHOP: Observations, Modeling, and Implications for Convective Initiation
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: Physical & Dynamic Meteorology

1. John R Mecikalski($64,710), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville
Key terms: Abl Water Vapor, Depth And Water, Development And Convective, Land Surface Heterogeneity, Water Vapor Content, Abl Depth, Abl Development, Convective Initiation, Dial Observations, Flux Maps, Surface Flux, Surface Fluxes, Airborne, Analyzed, Atmospheric, Cloud, Convection, Days, Degree, Dense, IHOP, Land-surface, Lidar, Mesoscale, Model, Parameterization, Preferred, Remote, Repeated, Shallow, Spatial, Via.

SOARS: Research-with-Evaluation of a Multi-Year Student Research and Mentoring Program for Students from Groups that are Underrepresented in Science
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Project & Program Evaluation

1. Ginger Melton($200,000), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder
Key terms: Graduate, Mentoring, Program, SOARS, Undergraduate.

Unidata 2008: Shaping the Future of Data Use in the Geosciences
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2003; Program: Research Infra Cluster Prgrm

1. Mohan K Ramamurthy($17,157,462), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Activities, Education, Tools.

Collaborative Research: ITR-(ASE+ECS)-(dms+sim): A Comprehensive Framework for Use of Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) Data in Hydrometeorology and Hydrology
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: SCI TESTBEDS

1. Ramon E Lawrence($1,458,105), University of Iowa, Iowa City
2. Mohan K Ramamurthy($200,106), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
3. Matthias Steiner($327,100), Princeton University, Princeton
Key terms: Rainfall Field Generation, Quality Control, Rainfall Fields, Rainfall Products, Available, Client, Development, Framework, Hydrological, Management, Metadata, Models, NEXRAD, Radar, Raw, Successful, Weather.

SHINE: Distinguishing Reconnection Scenarios for Solar Energetic Events
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2005; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Graham K Barnes($516,602), NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated, Seattle
Key terms: Discriminant Analysis, Pre-event Coronal, Solar Energetic, Approach, Archived, Investigate, Magnetic, Mechanisms, Models, Observational, Pre-event, Statistical, Suited.

SHINE: Comparison and Assessment of the Flux Cancellation and Breakout Models for Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) Initiation
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2005; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Zoran Mikic($316,763), Leidos, Inc., Reston
Key terms: Flux Cancellation, Produce Eruptions, Separatrix Surfaces, Breakout, Cmes, Magnetic, Mechanisms, Models, Program, Reconnection, SHINE, Solar, Specific, Trigger, Workshops.

CAREER: Integrated Research and Education in Solar Physics, Space Weather, and Energetic Charged Particles
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2005; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Joe Giacalone($1,009,302), University of Arizona, Tucson
Key terms: Acceleration And Propagation, Charged Particles, Cross-disciplinary Approach, Magnetic Fields, Public Outreach, Solar Activity, Solar Physics, Solar-energetic Particles, Space Weather, Course, Cross-disciplinary, Detailed, High-energy, Near, Responsible, SEP, Schools, Solar-energetic, Students, Studying, Sun, Sun-earth, Theory.

SHINE: Numerical Modeling of SHINE Campaign Events by Means of Coupled MagnetoHydroDynamics-Solar Energetic Particle (MHD-SEP) Simulations
Award Effective Date: 02/01/2005; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Igor Sokolov($193,998), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Cme-driven Shocks, Coupled Mhd-sep, Inner Corona, Shock Evolution, Solar Eruptions, Solar Particles, Acceleration, BATS-R-US, Cme-driven, Code, Debate, Detailed, FLAMPA, MHD-SEP, Models, Numerical, Observed, Space, Sun, Three-dimensional, Time-dependent.

Collaborative Research: SHINE: Solar Longitude Dependence of Solar Energetic Particle Events
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Mihir I Desai($42,180), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
2. Hilary V Cane($163,518), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
3. Nariaki Nitta($44,875), Lockheed-Martin Advanced Technology Center, Palo Alto
Key terms: Isotope Spectrometer, Longitude Dependence, Space Weather, Characterization, Collaborators, Connection, Elemental, Field, Flare, Magnetic, Observed, Particle, Physics, Radio, SEP, Schools, Solar, Speeds, Students.

SHINE: Magnetic Reconnection in Solar Eruptions
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Jiong Qiu($60,412), New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark
Key terms: Magnetic Configurations, Magnetic Reconnection, Mass Ejections, Acceleration, Cmes, EUV, Eruption, Evolution, Filaments, Ha, Large-scale, Magnitude, Measured, Observationally, Observations, Patches, Rate, Solar.

SHINE: Constraining Solar Wind and Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) Models Using in situ Ionic Composition Observations
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Thomas H Zurbuchen($311,621), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Electron Temperatures, Solar Wind, Thermal History, Charge, Corona, Coronal, Effort, Expansion, Freeze-in, Heliospheric, Icmes, Ionic, Ionization, Ions, Model, Models, Situ, Source.

Quantifying Solar Magnetic Field Evolution and Its Relation to Eruptions
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Yan LI($297,371), University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley
Key terms: Active Region Flows, Local Correlation Tracking, Active Regions, Flux Cancellation, Magnetic Fields, Space Weather, Apply, Behavior, Cmes, Convergence, Coronal, Developed, Enhance, Eruption, Evolution, Explore, GONG, LCT, LOS, Magnetograms, Measure, Photospheric, Rotation, Rotational, SOS, Shearing, Solar.

Stellar and Solar Magnetic Activity Cycles
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Jeffrey C Hall($435,342), Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff
Key terms: Solar And Stellar, Declining Phase, Spectral Lines, Stellar Activity, Cycle, Cycles, Days, Feed, Fiber, Lowell, Observations, Observatory, Proposers, Reveals, Rotational, Roughly, SSS, Starlight, Stars, Sun, Timescales.

Space Weather: Reconstruction of the Transverse Solar Wind Profile at 1 AU Using Basic Data Assimilation Techniques
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Jan Merka($54,469), L-3 Communications Government Services, Inc., Chantilly
Key terms: Solar Wind Monitors, Space Weather Predictions, Geomagnetic Storms, Magnetic Field, Assimilation, Available, Based, Conditions, Input, Interplanetary, Magnetosphere, Magnetospheric, Models, Sudden.

The Connectivity of the Solar Magnetic Field: Its Complexity and Its Consequences
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Dana Longcope($294,745), Montana State University, Bozeman
Key terms: Minimum Current Corona, Complex Three-dimensional, Magnetic Fields, Coronal, Coupling, Developed, Effects, Energy, Funding, Investigations, Model, Powerful, Reference, Regions, Software, Three-dimensional, Tools.

Studies of Solar Wind and Coronal Turbulence via Radioastronomical Observations
Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Steven R Spangler($358,476), University of Iowa, Iowa City
Key terms: Extragalactic Radio Sources, Faraday Rotation, Inner Heliosphere, Solar Wind, Array, Corona, Coronal, Distances, Fluctuations, Instruments, Intensity, Lines, Observations, Plasma, Program, Sight, Speed, Sun, Turbulence, VLBA.

Long Term Modulation of the Galactic Cosmic Radiation
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Frank B McDonald($246,304), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Cosmic Ray Modulation, Heliospheric Magnetic Field, Solar Activity, Available, Beryllium-, Carbon-, Cosmogenic, Effects, Expected, Gained, Investigate, Investigation, Past, Processes, Quantitative.

Cosmic-Ray Modulation and Solar Particle Studies Using Neutron Monitors
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. John A Lockwood($147,357), University of New Hampshire, Durham
Key terms: Cosmic Rays, Cosmic-ray Modulation, Neutron Monitors, Acceleration, Cosmic-ray, Detectors, Durham, Energies, Energy, Heliosphere, IMP, Instrument, Milagro, Mt, Near, Plans, Processes, Solar, Spacecraft, Stations, UNH, Undergraduates, Washington.

Chapman Conference on Solar Energetic Plasmas and Particles; Turku, Finland; August 2-6, 2004
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Brenda L Weaver($15,750), American Geophysical Union, Washington
Key terms: Chapman Conference, Solar Energetic, Space Weather, International, Interplanetary, Meetings, Program, Seps.

Role of Collisionless Reconnection Mechanisms in Solar Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)
Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Amitava Bhattacharjee($374,001), University of New Hampshire, Durham
Key terms: Hall Mhd Model, Mhd Model Employs, Ohm's Law, Plasma Resistivity, Resistive Mhd, Solar Flares, Based, Cmes, Collisionless, Coronal, Effects, Graduate, Growth, Junior, Laboratory, Models, Ohms, Program, Reconnection, School, Space, Theoretical, Trigger.

CAREER: Solar Variability in the Classroom and in Research
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Sarbani Basu($597,442), Yale University, New Haven
Key terms: Solar Physics, Combination, Helioseismic, Influence, Students, Sun.

Study of Solar Radio Emission Mechanisms
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Peter H Yoon($255,860), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Basic Set, Electromagnetic Plasma, Energetic Particles, Plasma Emission, Bursts, Equations, Experiments, Final, Interplanetary, Mechanism, Microwave, Numerical, Process, Radio, Solar, Theoretical, Turbulence, Wave.

Prediction of Coronal Mass Ejections from Measures of Active-Region Nonpotentiality
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. David Falconer($114,757), University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville
Key terms: Active-region Nonpotentiality, Active-region, CME, Cmes, Contribute, Effort, Investigate, Magnetograms, Measures, Pis, Predictors.

Theoretical Studies of Interplanetary Magnetic Fields: Turbulence and Cosmic Rays
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Jack R Jokipii($240,001), University of Arizona, Tucson
Key terms: Interplanetary Magnetic Field, Particles And Galactic, Cosmic Rays, Energetic Particle, Energetic Particles, Interplanetary Space, Magnetic Fields, Particle Acceleration, Solar Wind, Astrophysical, Effect, Effects, Has, Heliospheric, Mechanism, Physics, Plasma, Previous, Program, Regions, Structure, Transport.

High Resolution Studies of Solar Activity and Space Weather
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Philip Goode($890,182), New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark
Key terms: BBSO, Cadence, Completed, Current, Has, Instrumentation, NSF, Period, Program, Resolution, Solar, Telescope, Three-year.

The Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) Data- Space Weather and All-Sky Image Analysis
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL

1. Andrew Buffington($872,217), University of California-San Diego, La Jolla
Key terms: Mass Ejection Imager, Near Real Time, Solar Mass Ejection, Solar Wind Structures, Composite Images, Plasma Structures, Sky Maps, Space Weather, Analysis, Available, Brightness, Dimensions, Effort, Has, Heliosphere, Heliospheric, Photometrically, Physics, Pis, SMEI, Solar-terrestrial, Techniques, Tomographic.

CEDAR: Quantitative Measurements of Lightning-Mesosphere Interactions from Remote Electromagnetic Fields
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. Steven A Cummer($192,387), Duke University, Durham
Key terms: Electromagnetic Field, Tle Internal, Upper Atmosphere, Coupling, Effects, Existing, Larger, Lightning, MLTI, Mesospheric, Models, Observations, Parameters, Phenomena, Processes, Sprites, Sufficient, Tle-generating, Tles.

CEDAR Postdoc: Nonlocal Effects in the Equatorial and Auroral Electrojet
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. David L Hysell($165,584), Cornell University, Ithaca
Key terms: Low And Mid, Low Latitudes, Mid Latitudes, Plasma Density, Region Irregularities, Wave Energy, Conservation, Drift, Electrojet, Equatorial, Evolution, Gradient, Growth, Has, Instability, Investigate, Model, Nonlocal, Principle, Process.

CEDAR: Sunlit Investigations of Soft Arcs and the Cusp Boundary with Coordinated ISR and HiRISE Diagnostics
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. Pallamraju Duggirala($308,568), SRI International, Menlo Park
Key terms: Dayside Auroral Arcs, Cusp Boundary, Archive, Daylit, Density, Electron, Emission, Forcing, Images, Magnetic, Merging, Motion, Radar, Solar, Sondrestrom.

CEDAR: Sporadic E (Es) Layer Instability and E-F Coupling
Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. Russell Cosgrove($284,759), SRI International, Menlo Park
Key terms: Region Radar Echoes, Growth Rate, Lower Thermosphere, Perkins Instability, Wavelength Modes, Altitude, Coupled, Dependence, Effects, Energy, Es, Es-f-layer, Esli, Field, Frontal, Ionospheric, Layer, Layers, Mechanism, Nonlinear, Perform, Phenomena, Polarization, QP, Regions, Short, Sporadic, Structure, Wind.

Collaborative Research: CEDAR--Studies of Radio-Wave Scatter and Dynamical Processes in the Polar Summer Mesopause Region
Award Effective Date: 08/16/2004; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. Robert D Palmer($54,676), University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Norman
Key terms: Middle Atmosphere, Vertical Structure, Approach, Echoes, Mesospheric, Polar, RIM, Radar, Resolution, Technique, Temperature.

The Midnight Temperature Maximum: New Studies of Ion-Neutral Coupling at Low Latitudes with a State-of-the-Art FPI, All Sky Imaging, the Arecibo ISR, and NCAR/TIEGCM Modeling
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. John W Meriwether($494,794), Clemson University, Clemson
Key terms: Fabry-perot, MTM, Observations.

CEDAR: A Complement of Optical Instruments for the Polar Cap Observatory: Continued Support
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. Stanley C Solomon($330,000), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Dynamics And Energetics, Winds And Temperatures, Filter Wheel, ASC, Available, Continue, Emissions, FPI, Instruments, OH, Observational, Partnerships, Pursued, Resolute, SATI, Thermospheric.

M-I Coupling: An Observational and Modeling Study Under Conditions of Extreme Forcing
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. J. Vincent Eccles($222,009), Boston College, Chestnut Hill
Key terms: Conductances And Particle, Electric Fields, Field-aligned Currents, Local Times, M-i Coupling, Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling, Particle Precipitation, Polar-cap Potential, Behavior, Central, Conditions, DMSP, Detailed, Dissipation, Effects, Electrodynamic, Energy, Evolution, Facs, Field-aligned, Global, Highly, Imposed, LT, M-I, Magnetic, Magnetosphere-ionosphere, Model, Modeling, Observations, Observed, Plasma, Polar-cap, Potentials, Processes, Quantitative, Region, Storms, Superstorm, Superstorms, Was.

M-I Coupling: Physics Based Algorithm for the High Latitude Conductance and Its Implications
Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Upper Atmospheric Facilities

1. Konstantinos D Papadopoulos($120,000), University of Maryland, College Park, College Park
Key terms: Ionospheric Electric Fields, Local Ionospheric Electric, Electrojet Instability, Energy Dissipation, AMIE, Anomalous, Codes, Critical, Current, Electrodynamic, Electron, GGCM, GIM, Global, Hall, Incorporation, Model, Modeling, Models, Module, Mvm, Observed, Plasma, Process, Radar, Strong, TIME-GCM.

2005 Atmospheric Chemistry Gordon Research Conference; Big Sky, Montana; September 4-9, 2005
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2005; Program: nan

1. David W Fahey($37,963), Gordon Research Conferences, East Greenwich
Key terms: Atmospheric Chemistry, Conference, Field, Gordon.

REU Site: Research Experiences for Undergraduates in the Sun-Earth Space Environment at Prairie View A&M University (PVAMU)
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: nan

1. Tian-Sen Huang($749,033), Prairie View A&M Research Foundation, Prairie View
Key terms: Prairie View Aandm, Pvso's Reu Program, Solar And Space, Sun-earth Space Environment, Earth's Magnetosphere, Pvso's Reu, Reu Site, Solar Activity, Sun-earth Space, Academic-year, Consist, Experience, PVAMU, Participants, Physics, Programs, Pvsos, Students, Summer, Undergraduates, Weeks.

Development and Applications of Embedded Spectral-Element and Fourier-Ray Codes for High-Resolution Dynamics Studies within Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM)
Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: nan

1. David C Fritts($665,846), NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated, Seattle
Key terms: Gravity Wave, Middle Atmosphere, Spectral-element Code, Wave Propagation, Climate, Codes, Description, Interactions, Spectral-element, WACCM.

SuperDARN Radar Investigations of Global Processes in the High-Latitude Ionosphere: Infrastructure, Community Support, and Science
Award Effective Date: 11/15/2004; Program: nan

1. Robin J Barnes($2,644,780), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore
Key terms: Electric Fields, Superdarn Radars, Collaboration, Convection, Distribution, Entire, Global, High-latitude, Ionosphere, Ionospheric, JHUAPL, Network, Northern, Operation, Responsible, Software.

SGER: Evaluation of Midlatitude Storm Characteristics and Variability in Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Coupled Models
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: nan

1. George Tselioudis($24,859), Columbia University, New York
Key terms: Frequency And Intensity, Midlatitude Storm Tracks, Climate Model, Ability, Applied, Characteristics, Coupled, Extent, Models, Potential, Reproduce, Simulate, Southern, Spatial, Temporal, Time, Trends, Water.

SGER: Evaluation of Surface Solar Irradiance in Coupled Climate Models
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Beate G Liepert($25,026), Columbia University, New York
Key terms: Aerosol And Cloud, Downwelling Shortwave Flux, Solar Irradiance, Surface Downwelling, Aerosols, Affected, Assess, Century, Climate, Climatology, Clouds, Compare, Coupled, Effect, Effects, Global, Has, Incoming, Late, Long-term, Model, Models, Observations, Pis, Quality, Satellites, Situ, Submodels, Th.

Climate and Ice-Core Records: Quelccaya and Kilimanjaro
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Douglas R Hardy($411,594), University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst
Key terms: Modern Climate, Modern Conditions, Weather Stations, Cores, Energy, Examine, Glacier, Glaciers, Ice, Interactions, Mass, Range.

A Physics-Based Data Assimilation Facility for the Ionosphere-Plasmasphere-Polar Wind System
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Donald C Thompson($465,000), Utah State University, Logan
Key terms: Space Weather, GAIM, Latitudes, Model.

Space Weather: Advancement and Validation of Real-Time Assimilative Mapping of Ionospheric Electrodynamics (AMIE) for Space Weather Applications
Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Aaron J Ridley($300,000), Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
Key terms: Polar Cap Potential, Electric Potential, Empirical Model, Ionospheric Electrodynamics, Real-time Amie, AMR, Auroral, Automated, Compared, Derived, Detroit, Developed, Effect, Inversions, Latitude, Real-time, Saturation, Sources, Space, Specification, Technique.

Space Weather: Dynamics of Regional and Local High-Latitude Geomagnetic Disturbances
Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Dimitrios Vassiliadis($179,020), Universities Space Research Association, Washington
Key terms: Ground Magnetic Field, Solar Wind Inputs, Geomagnetic Activity, Pc Index, Plasma Physics, Prediction Accuracy, Time Derivatives, Conditions, Coupling, Driven, Dynamics, Filter, Fluctuations, Function, Interplanetary, Kalman, Linear, Local, Magnetospheric, Model, Nonlinear, Trained.

GEM: Effect of Multiple Substorms on the Buildup of the Ring Current
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Kristi A Keller($80,793), SP Systems, Inc., Vienna
Key terms: Coordinated Modeling Center, Ring Current Dynamics, Ring Current Model, Mhd Simulations, Relative Importance, Solar Wind, Space Weather, Available, Buildup, CCMC, Compare, Conditions, Coupled, Examine, Fields, Fok, Ionospheric, Magnetic, Models, Objectives, Satellite, Simulate, Third.

United States Global Change Research Program
Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Richard Anthes($15,344,760), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Global.

Changes in Atmospheric Oxygen (O2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and Argon (Ar) Concentrations in Relation to the Carbon Cycle and Climate
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Ralph F Keeling($1,201,667), University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography, La Jolla
Key terms: Atmospheric Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Activities, Climate, Ocean, Sinks.

GEM: The Dynamics of Solar Wind Ion Entry into the Magnetosphere during Magnetic Storms
Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Vahe Peroomian($187,447), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles
Key terms: Solar Wind Ions, Acceleration Mechanisms, Inner Magnetosphere, Magnetic Storms, Particle Tracing, Pressure Pulses, Quiet Times, Comparison, Current, Entry, Investigate, MHD, Magnetopause, Motion, Particles, Processes, Simulations, Specific, Storm-time.

Wind-Shear-Driven Energetics and Coupled Electrodynamics in the Midlatitude Ionosphere
Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Roland T Tsunoda($730,023), SRI International, Menlo Park
Key terms: Bi-static, Cluster, Coherent, Es, Layer, Optical, Process, Sporadic, Wind.

Variations in the Oxygen/Nitrogen Ratios of Air: Implications for the Global Carbon Cycle
Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: nan

1. Michael L Bender($667,132), Princeton University, Princeton
Key terms: Atmospheric Co2, Carbon Cycle, Terrestrial Biosphere, Upper Ocean, Anthropogenic, Arn, Based, Cycles, Exchange, Global, Information, Island, Mixing, Models, Oceanic, Processes, Sequestration, Sites, Transport.

MAUI/MALT: Lidar Investigation of Mesosphere Dynamics
Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: nan

1. Gary R Swenson($1,010,734), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
Key terms: Gravity Wave Induced, Optical And Radar, Wave Phase, Directional, Frequency, Lidar, MALT, Task.

Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC)
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2003; Program: nan

1. Richard Anthes($2,818,513), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Analysis And Archive, Archive Center, COSMIC, DAAC.

UCAR Educational Outreach Program and Other UCAR Activities
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2003; Program: nan

1. Richard Anthes($7,385,125), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Activities, Program.

Joint Office for Science Support (JOSS)
Award Effective Date: 10/01/2003; Program: nan

1. Richard Anthes($6,407,036), University Corporation For Atmospheric Res, Boulder
Key terms: Field Campaigns, Atmospheric, On-going.

NSF-GEO-AGS Awards for 2004

CEDAR Postdoc: Momentum Fluxes and Height Variability of Mesospheric Gravity Waves Obtained by Airglow Imagers Award Effective Date: 01/15/2005; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR: Mesoscale Structuring of High Latitude Plasma Patches - Continued Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR: Terrestrial Airglow Studies Using Astronomical Sky Spectra Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR: Mesospheric and Lower Thermospheric Ducting of Gravity Waves Generated by Tropospheric Convection Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR: Climatology and Characteristics of Instabilities and Atmospheric Gravity Waves at Low and Mid Latitudes Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR: Polar Mesospheric Cloud Research Using the Sondrestrom, Greenland Lidar Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR Postdoc: Observational and Modeling Study of Mesospheric Bores Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR: Storm Time Behavior of Electric Fields in the Plasmasphere Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Comparative Studies of the Interaction and Ionospheric Processes at a Variety of Different "Non-Magnetic" Solar System Bodies Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Basic Ionization, Airglow and Auroral Processes Award Effective Date: 12/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

SGER: A Study of Coupling between the Ionosphere and Troposphere via Hurricanes and Tropical Storms Award Effective Date: 09/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Micrometeors and Their Interaction with the Atmosphere: A Comprehensive Study Using the Arecibo and Jicamarca Observatories Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Collaborative Research: Space Weather: Wavelet Based Regional Multi-Resolution Ionosphere Modeling: Investigating Structure of the Equatorial Anomaly Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Collaborative Research: Radar and Optical Observations of Dynamics in the Tropical Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

High-Resolution F-Region Electrodynamics Studies Using the Arecibo Observatory All-Sky Camera Systems and Incoherent Scatter Radar Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

A Modeling Investigation of Ducted Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere/Lower Thermosphere (MLT) Region: Energetics, Airglow Response, and Relation to "Wall" Events Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

SGER: Development of a Space Weather Policy Curriculum Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Numerical Modeling of Tidal Wave Coupling between Atmospheric Regions Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Application of Time-Localized Spectral Analyses (S-Transform) to Multi-Emission, All-Sky Image Data of Mesospheric Gravity Waves Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

M-I Coupling: Ground-based Observations of Ion Dispersion, Electron Energy, and Convection in the Dayside Aurora Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Characterizing Middle Atmosphere Thermal Structure, Polar Mesospheric Clouds and Gravity Waves at Rothera, Antarctica (67.5 S) Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Dual-Beam Incoherent Scatter Radar Study of the Mesosphere at Arecibo Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR: Aeronomy of Meteor Trails: Observations, Simulations, and Theory Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Collaborative Research: CEDAR: Sprite Energetics Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Ground-Based Investigation of Upflowing Ions in the Discrete Aurora Award Effective Date: 01/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

CEDAR: Exploration of Trends in Thermospheric+Exospheric Hydrogen Using H-Alpha Emission Intensities and Hydrogen Column Abundances Retrieved from the Wisconsin Long Term Record Award Effective Date: 01/15/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Plasma Instabilities and Turbulent Heating in Lower Ionosphere: Theory and Simulations Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: AERONOMY

Solvated Salts and Acids: Contributions to Basic Understanding of Nucleation, Particle Growth and Aerosol Chemistry Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: ANALYTICAL SEPARATIONS & MEAS.

High-Resolution Studies of High Arctic Paleoclimate from Varved Lake Sediments Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: ARCSS-Arctic System Science

High-Resolution Quantitative Reconstructions of Holocene Climatic Changes and Their Impacts on Environment and People in the Central Canadian Arctic Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: ARCSS-Arctic System Science

Balloon-Borne In Situ Measurements of Aerosol Size and Concentration in the Mid Latitudes and Tropics Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

American Association for Aerosol Research Particulate Matter (AAAR PM) Supersites Program and Related Studies Conference; Atlanta, Georgia; February 7-11, 2005 Award Effective Date: 11/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

RUI: Spectroscopic Studies on the Heterogeneous Chemistry of Model Mineral Aerosol Compounds Award Effective Date: 10/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Computational Simulation of the Atmospheric Chemistry of Alkanes Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Laboratory Studies of the Impact of Physicochemical Processing on the Optical Properties of Mineral Dust Aerosol Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Sulfate Production by Ozone Oxidation in Seasalt Aerosols: Contribution to Global Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) Sulfur Budgets Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Direct Measurements of Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Dimethylsulfide (DMS), and Acetone Fluxes Over the Ocean by Eddy Covariance Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Workshop on Atmospheric Importance of Biogenic Hydrocarbons in Early Spring 2005 Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Atmospheric Carbon Tetracloride Removal by Soils: Seasonal Flux Variability and Identification of Uptake Mechanisms Award Effective Date: 09/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Influence of Global Sources on Free Tropospheric Ozone and Aerosols in the Western United States Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Complete Isotopic Analysis of Aerosol Sulfate and Nitrate in Long-Term Samplings from the Tropical Atlantic Award Effective Date: 08/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Interfacial Chemistry of Alkali Halides Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Development of a Method for Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide Using Airborne Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Photochemistry of Oxygenated Organics Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

RUI: Kinetics and Dynamics of Small Peroxy Radicals Award Effective Date: 08/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Publication of Journal Papers from the April 2003 American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) Specialty Conference Award Effective Date: 07/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Rates, Products and Hygroscopicity of Hydroxyl Radical (OH)-Initiated Oxidation Reactions of Organic Aerosols and Films Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

RUI: Solid/Liquid Phase Diagrams of Aqueous Inorganic and Organic Substances of Upper Tropospheric Importance Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Instrumentation for Semi-Continuous Fine Particulate Mass and Its Components Award Effective Date: 06/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

CAREER: Toward an Understanding of the Indirect Climatic Effect of Organic Aerosol: Quantitative Assessments Using Experimental Characterization and Model Integration Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

RUI: Temporal Variability of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Carbon (CDOM) in Rainwater: Photochemical Effects and Influence on Trace Metal Speciation Award Effective Date: 06/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Collaborative Research: Influences of Halogen Chemistry on Processing of North American Pollutant Outflow Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Third General Assembly of Stratospheric Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC); Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; August 1-6, 2004 Award Effective Date: 05/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Bromine (Br) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Heterogeneous Chemistry on Ice and Organic Acids at Tropospheric Temperatures Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

RUI: Overall Rate Constant and Nitrate Branching Ratio Measurements for the Reactions of Alkene-Derived Peroxy Radicals with Nitric Oxide Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Collaborative Research: Photochemical Production of Radical Oxidants and Hydroperoxides from Organic Matter and Nitrate in Sea-Salt Aerosols Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

2004 Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere; Il Ciocco, Barga, Italy; May 2-7, 2004 Award Effective Date: 04/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Kinetic Studies of Isoprene Derived Peroxy Radicals Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

CAREER: Nocturnal Chemistry in the Urban Boundary Layer: Investigation of Heterogeneous Surface Chemistry and Chemical-Transport Processes Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

SGER: Snow Chemical Composition and Its Relation to Arctic Springtime Mercury Deposition and Ozone Depletion Award Effective Date: 04/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

SGER: Biomass Burning Aerosols in Southeast Asia: Smoke Impact Assessment (BASE-ASIA) Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

SGER: Numerical Study of Biomass Burning Aerosols in Southeast Asia: Smoke Impact Assessment (BASE-ASIA) Award Effective Date: 03/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

CAREER: Forecasting Chemical Weather with a Coupled Meteorology-Chemistry Model System: Research and Education Challenges Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Laboratory Studies of Tropospheric Sulfur Chemistry Award Effective Date: 03/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Dynamics of Pressure-Dependent Atmospheric Reactions Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Seasonal Trends of Springtime Ozone, Reactive Nitrogen, Carbon Monoxide, and Hydrocarbons Over North America and the Effects of Anthropogenic Emissions Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Chemistry of Sulfur Dioxide and Dimethyl Sulfide in the Tropical Marine Boundary Layer Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

Laboratory Studies on the Aqueous Phase Reactivity of Molecular Markers Award Effective Date: 02/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

SGER: Reactive Halogen Detection in the Marine Boundary Layer Using Atmospheric Pressure Ionization/Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (API/CIMS) Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: Atmospheric Chemistry

BE/CBC: Land-Water Interaction at the Catchment Scale: Linking Biogeochemistry and Hydrology Award Effective Date: 01/01/2004; Program: BE: COUPLED BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYC

A Collaborative Effort Toward Adding an Interactive Dynamical Vegetation Component to the NCAR Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Land Model Award Effective Date: 07/01/2004; Program: BE: NON-ANNOUNCEMENT RESEARCH

SGER: Modeling River Nitrogen Export to Coastal Zones in the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Award Effective Date: 05/01/2004; Program: BE: NON-ANNOUNCEMENT RESEARCH

Workshop on Isotopes in the Climate System: Boulder, CO Award Effective Date: 02/15/2004; Program: BE: NON-ANNOUNCEMENT RESEARCH

A Network Approach to Study Atmospheric Teleconnections Award Effective Date: 05/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

Anticipating Extreme Hurricane Winds in the United States Using Bayesian Hierarchical Models Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

Collaborative Research: The Dynamical Influence of the Stratosphere on the Troposphere Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

Collaborative Research: Tropical Marine Climate Feedback to Mid- and High-Latitude Climate Change Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

Weather and Climate Superensemble Forecasts from Multimodels Award Effective Date: 01/01/2005; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics

SGER: Regional Climate Modeling Coordination for the United States Award Effective Date: 12/15/2004; Program: Climate & Large-Scale Dynamics